Midterm

Question 1

Calibration of the Spectrophotometer

Answer 1

-Fill the Blank tube with solvent only and wipe with a kimwipe.

-Warm up the Spectrophotometer at least 10 minutes.

-With the Blank tube in the sample holder, adjust the light control knob to 100% transmittance.

Question 2

The prefix “milli” represents which multiplication factor.

Answer 2

10-3

Question 3

Tropical plants evolved drip tips to adapt to this environmental stressor:

Answer 3

Excessive rainfall

Question 4

The FACE project sponsored by Brookhaven National Laboratories serves to aid scientists in the study of the impact of _______ levels on plants.

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide

Question 5

What is the approximate diameter of a white oak tree with a circumference of 315 cm?

Answer 5

100 cm

Question 6

What are features of a scientific hypotheses?

Answer 6

They can be tested by observational analysis.
They can be tested by experimentation.
They make predictions.
They are based on observations.

Question 7

A scientist measures the “clutch size” or number of offspring for a given species of spiders. What type of variable is “clutch size?”

Answer 7

Discrete

Question 8

Team Leader Roles

Answer 8

Manage Time, Tasks, and Responsibilities

Question 9

Analyst Roles

Answer 9

Analyze data: stats, tables, graphs, etc. Improve Group Interaction and Performance Prepare an SII

Question 10

Recorder Roles

Answer 10

Record Lab Data and Observations, Spokesperson

Question 11

Technician Roles

Answer 11

Teach Lab Procedures and Equipment safety and use

Question 12

Shoot System

Answer 12

Consists of stems and leaves. Location of photosynthesis.

Question 13

Root System

Answer 13

Anchors the plane and provides water and nutrients for the shoot system

Question 14

Areole

Answer 14

Modified lateral shoot and structure that contains spines

Question 15

Dermal Tissue

Answer 15

The outer covering of the plant

Question 16

Ground Tissue System

Answer 16

Carries out photosynthesis, stores photosynthetic products, and helps support the plant.

Question 17

Vascular Tissue System

Answer 17

Conducts water and solutes throughout the plant

Question 18

Which adaptation serves to prevent water loss, overheating, and predation in plants from arid climates?

Answer 18

Spines

Question 19

Chi Square Analysis

Answer 19

x^2 = sum [(observed values - expected)^2 / expected values

Question 20

Degrees of Freedom

Answer 20

df = Possible Categories - 1

Question 21

The molecular weight of water is 18.0154. One mole of water weighs _______ grams.

Answer 21

18

Question 22

The ability of atoms to combine with other atoms is determined by

Answer 22

the number and distribution of electrons

Question 23

Which of the following is the correct order (in decreasing order) for the relative strengths of chemical bonds?

Answer 23

Covalent, ionic, hydrogen, van der Waals forces

Question 24

The hydrogen bond between two water molecules arises because water is

Answer 24

polar

Question 25

If you mix 2 grams of salt in 20 milliliters of water, what percent solution (W/V) does this represent?

Answer 25

10%

Question 26

Urine, with a pH of 6, is _______ times more acidic than seawater, with a pH of 8.

Answer 26

100

Question 27

How much solvent must you add to 1 ml of a 50% solution to make a 10% solution?

Answer 27

4 ml

Question 28

When applying the SALI to a new piece of lab equipment, which of the following is not a step in this strategy?

Answer 28

Making chemical solutions

Question 29

How much NaCl (mw= 58.4 g/mol) should you add to water to make 100 ml of a 0.1 M solution?

Answer 29

0.584 g

Question 30

The minimum volume that the p10 micropipet will measure according to the Bio 204 Lab Manual is

Answer 30

0.0005 ml

Question 31

Which of the following clades has the greatest number of species?

Answer 31

Angiosperms

Question 32

One difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms is that gymnosperms

Answer 32

do not form flowers.

Question 33

The reproductive organ of angiosperms is the

Answer 33

flower

Question 34

The two major clades of angiosperms are called monocots and eudicots. These plants differ in the number of

Answer 34

embryonic cotyledons.

Question 35

In most regions of Earth today, land flora consists predominantly of

Answer 35

angiosperms

Question 36

Which of the following is a structure found in the stamen?

Answer 36

Anther

Question 37

The outer layer of cells that protects the plant is called the

Answer 37

epidermis

Question 38

“An organized group of cells, working together as a functional unit” is the definition of a(n)

Answer 38

tissue

Question 39

The vascular tissue system of plants has the same function as the _______ system in animals.

Answer 39

circulatory

Question 40

The meristem is

Answer 40

composed of undifferentiated cells.

Question 41

Carnivorous and Heterotrophic Plants: Carnivorous plants trap and digest _______ to increase their supply of _______. They grow in areas that have boggy, _______ soils.

Answer 41

insects and even small vertebrates; nitrogen; acidic

Question 42

In aquatic plants, _______ tissue allows oxygen to reach submerged tissues.

Answer 42

aerenchyma

Question 43

Which of the following would be considered an abiotic factor in the environment?

Answer 43

Temperature, Salinity, Light, Wind

Question 44

Plants with fleshy, water-storing leaves are called _______ .

Answer 44

succulents

Question 45

In cacti, leaves are modified to form _______ , and photosynthesis is carried out in the _______ region.

Answer 45

spines, stem

Question 46

Which of the following is not an adaptation for survival in cold environments? ``` A. Cold-hardening B. Heat shock proteins C. Hairs and spines D. Antifreeze proteins E. Increased production of unsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids. ```

Answer 46

C. Hairs and spines

Question 47

Which of the following is not a characteristic of xerophytes? (Note that not all xerophytes have each of these characteristics.)

Answer 47

Abundant leaves

Question 48

Which of the following would be considered a biotic factor in the environment?

Answer 48

The presence of parasites

Question 49

Which of the following is not an adaptation to a dry environment?

Answer 49

Airborne roots

Question 50

Which of the following is not a special adaptation of leaves to dry environments?

Answer 50

Salt glands

Question 51

Which of the following is not a true variable type?

Answer 51

Cumulative

Question 52

You are running an experiment to test the effects of a new cancer drug on living cancer cells. For one of your treatment groups you do not administer any of the drug. This is an example of a ___________ and you would expect __________.

Answer 52

negative control; the cells to continue growing

Question 53

To increase the power of a statistical test you can

Answer 53

Decrease the variability in the sample

Question 54

If the assumptions of a statistical test are violated by your data, you may:

Answer 54

falsely conclude that your hypothesis is supported falsely conclude that your hypothesis is refuted

Question 55

After running an experiment and analyzing his data, a scientist erroneously rejects his null hypothesis. This is an example of a

Answer 55

Type I error A false positive

Question 56

Which of the following is not a feature of scientific hypotheses? A. They are unable to be falsified. B. They make predictions. C. They are based on observations. D. They can be tested by experimentation. E. They can be tested by observational analysis.

Answer 56

A. They are unable to be falsified.

Question 57

After observing that fish live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that “polluted water kills fish.” This statement is an example of

Answer 57

a hypothesis.