What is energy derived from?
The breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
What is the result from energy breakdown
Production of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule
What is ATP’s basic function?
Provides energy for the body
How does energy release actually happen?
Breaking the bond turning ATP into ADP
All the chemical reactions that take place in the body require what?
Free energy
What are the 3 metabolic pathways to supply ATP to the muscles?
- A-lactic (anaerobic)
- Lactic (anaerobic)
- Oxygen (aerobic)
Describe the phosphocreatine system
- Breaks down ATP by removing a phosphate, releasing energy and creating ADP
- Takes the ADP and takes a phosphate from the phosphocreatine, which binds to the ADP to resynthesizes ATP
The simplest and fastest energy system?
Phosphocreatine system
Phosphocreatine system produces free energy for?
Muscle contraction
Phosphocreatine system recovery time lasting time? Does it produce lactic acid?
- Lasts less than 10-12 seconds
- 3min full recovery, 30sec half recovery
- No it does not produce lactic acid
Describe the Lactic acid system
- Anaerobic (rapid) Glycolysis occurs
- Breaks down glucose, resulting in a release of 2 ATP molecules and 1 H+ ion
- Produces 2 pyruvate which bind with the H+ ion to produce lactate as a by-product
What is the primary source the lactic acid system?
Carbohydrates
What do carbohydrates primarily fuel?
- Brain
- Muscles
- Heart
- Liver
Explain the breakdown and storage of carbohydrates
- Complex carbohydrates broken down into glucose by digestive system
- Glucose enters blood stream and circulates body, producing glycogen which is stored in the muscle or liver
Explain the Aerobic oxidative system (oxygen system)
- Aerobic (slow) Glycolysis occurs
- Glucose is broke down producing 2 ATP, 2 pyruvate and H+ ions
- Pyruvate is converted in Acetyl-CoA
- Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle producing CO2 waste and lots or H+ ion
- Electron transport chain uses H+ ions and oxygen to produce 36 ATP and H20
Most important energy system in the body
Aerobic oxidative system (oxygen system)
Primary energy system for exercise longer than 10 minutes?
Aerobic oxidative sytem
Main substrates used in the aerobic oxidative system?
Carbohydrates and fats
Body’s largest source of energy
Fats
Substrates utilization at rest
CHO & Fats used 50:50 for energy
Substrate utilization for max short duration exercise
Nearly all CHO
Substrate utilization for mild to intense exercise
More CHO than Fats
Substrate utilization for prolonged less intense exercise
More Fats than CHO
Two training methods for the High Energy Phosphate System
- Interval training
- Sprint training
