Midterm Review

Question 1

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 1

Triassic

Question 2

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 2

540 Ma

Question 3

Roy Chapman Andrews

Answer 3

• Famous great explorer
• Brought back boxes and boxes of fossils from Mongolia

Question 4

Georges Cuvier

Answer 4

• Great comparative anatomist
• Argue that ancient species have gone extinct

Question 5

Novelty of archosaurs?

Answer 5

• Thecodonty
• Antorbital fenestra
• Mandibular fenestrae

Question 6

Novelty of tetrapods?

Answer 6

• Vertebrae with struts
• Four limbs with fingers
• Robust hips attached to spine
• Stapes

Question 7

Where do synapsids come from?

Answer 7

Amniotes

Question 8

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 8

200 Ma

Question 9

Novelty of Ornithodira?

Answer 9

• Digitigrade stance
• Mesotarsal ankle

Question 10

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 10

540 Ma

Question 11

Novelty of osteichthyes?

Answer 11

Lots of bone, air sacs

Question 12

Triassic years?

Answer 12

250 Ma - 200 Ma

Question 13

What are turtles?

Answer 13

Diapsids

Question 14

What three periods is the Mesozoic broken into, in order?

Answer 14

Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous

Question 15

James Hutton

Answer 15

• “Father of Modern Geology”
• Argue that Earth is very old
• Uniformitarianism
• Cross Cutting Relationships
• Erosional Contacts

Question 16

Cretaceous years?

Answer 16

145 Ma - 65 Ma

Question 17

Charles Darwin

Answer 17

• On the Origin of Species
• Natural Selection

Question 18

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 18

65 Ma

Question 19

Novelty of amniotes?

Answer 19

• Amniotic egg
• Internal fertilization
• Waterproof skin
• Enlarged lungs

*Better adapted for land

Question 20

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 20

4.5 Ga

Question 21

Mesozoic years?

Answer 21

250 Ma - 65 Ma

Question 22

Novelty of Dinosaurs?

Answer 22

• Erect stance and narrow track gait
• Opening in hip socket bordered by upper ridge
• Femur with inturned head

Question 23

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 23

Mesozoic

Question 24

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 24

Jurassic

Question 25

Marie Curie

Answer 25

- Badass - Radioactive decay

Question 26

Where do crocodiles and kin come from?

Answer 26

Archosaurs

Question 27

Where do Ray-finned fish come from?

Answer 27

Osteichthyes

Question 28

Where does the Coelacanth come from?

Answer 28

Flesy-limbed vertebrates

Question 29

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 29

Cenozoic

Question 30

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 30

Paleozoic

Question 31

O.C. Marsh and E.D. Cope

Answer 31

- Bone Wars - Led to many discoveries of fossils

Question 32

What are lizards and kin?

Answer 32

Diapsids

Question 33

John Ostrom

Answer 33

-Revive idea that birds are dinosaurs

Question 34

What group descended from gnathostomes?

Answer 34

Sharks and kin

Question 35

William Smith

Answer 35

- Faunal Succession - World's first thorough geological map

Question 36

Richard Owen

Answer 36

-Coined the term Dinosauria

Question 37

Novelty of Diapsids?

Answer 37

Two temporal fenestrae

Question 38

Contributions of: Nicolas Steno

Answer 38

- Argue that fossils once living organisms - Original Horizontality - Lateral Continuity - Superposition

Question 39

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 39

250 Ma

Question 40

Paleozoic years?

Answer 40

540 Ma - 250 Ma

Question 41

What are lungfish?

Answer 41

Fleshy-limbed vertebrates

Question 42

Novelty of vertebrates?

Answer 42

vertebrae

Question 43

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 43

Cretaceous

Question 44

What were early tetrapods?

Answer 44

Amphibians

Question 45

What is covered by the red box?

Answer 45

PreCambrian Era

Question 46

-Where do pterosaurs come from?

Answer 46

Ornithodira

Question 47

Novelty of gnathostomes?

Answer 47

jaws

Question 48

Novelty of reptiles?

Answer 48

B-keratin scales

Question 49

Years for the Precambrian?

Answer 49

4.5 Ga - 540 Ma

Question 50

Where do Dinosaurs come from?

Answer 50

Ornithodira

Question 51

Jurassic Years?

Answer 51

200 Ma - 145 Ma