CRPO Supervision definition
A contractual relationship in which a clinical supervisor engages with a supervisee to:
-discuss the direction of therapy and the therapeutic relationship
-promote the professional growth of the supervisee
- enhance the supervisee’s safe and effective use of self in the therapeutic relationship
-safeguard the wellbeing of the client
Characteristics of Supervision
*written and signed contract (both parties sign)
*goals (is purposeful and intentional)
*documentation/notes
*regular/consistent meetings
*evaluative component
*usually involves shared responsibility
Nature of Supervisory Relationship
*experiential
*facilitates professional growth
*monitoring client welfare
*encouraging compliance with legal, ethical and professional standards
*teaching therapeutic skills
*providing feedback and evaluation
*providing professional experiences and opportunities
*serving as a mentor and role model who assists the supervisee in developing a professional identity
AAMFT definition of Supervision
an intervention provided by a more
senior member of a profession to a more junior member or members of that same profession. The relationship is evaluative and hierarchical, extends over time, and has the simultaneous purposes of
enhancing the professional functioning of the more junior person(s), monitoring the quality of professional services offered to the clients that she, he, or they see, and serving as a gatekeeper for those who are to enter the particular profession.
CRPO Criteria for Competence for Supervision
- In good standing with CRPO
- Five years extensive clinical experience
- meets “independent practice” requirement
- completed 30 hours of directed learning in providing clinical supervision
- provides signed declaration
Who requires supervision according to CRPO?
- working toward RP (Q) [need 450 DCC and 100 supervision hours] or working toward independent practitioner [need 550 DCC and 50 supervision hours]
- college-directed supervision (as part of an audit or disciplinary action)
- voluntary clinical supervision/consultation
Rights of Supervisees
- Supervisor to act professionally
- Supervisory sessions free from distractions
- To be fully informed of supervisor’s approach
- Confidentiality with regard to supervisee’s disclosure
- Confidentiality with regard to clients except as mandated by law
- Access to records maintained during supervision
- To provide feedback to supervisors concerning supervision experience
- To seek consultation from other professionals as necessary
Responsibilities of Supervisees
- Developing, recording and adhering to a clinical supervision agreement
- Informing clients of the supervisory arrangement, including: * identity and contact info of supervisor * Client right to contact supervisor
- Informing clients that supervisor has access to their PHI (if that is the case)
- Receiving clinical supervision with reasonable frequency, as determined in agreement with the clinical supervisor
- Participating in clinical supervision in a
professional, curious, and engaged manner
*Keeping supervisor informed and up-to-date on all cases - To excuse yourself from supervision if there is a conflict/dual relationship
- Keeping client identity confidential
- Wisely consulting with colleagues
- Bring conflict issues to supervision (rather than vent with colleagues)
- Maintain a record of clinical supervision received: - Name and contact info of supervisor; - Supervision agreement or description of terms of supervision; -Dates and number of hours of supervision received; - Format of supervision (individual, dyadic or group); - Issues discussed at meetings or in correspondence with the clinical supervisor
Supervisor’s responsibilities
*extends to supervisees’ current client and to their future clients
*develops a clear framework for supervision and rationale for methods used
*focuses on the quality of the supervisory relationship
*focuses on the personal stress of supervisee during client-counselor interactions
*ensure that all assessments, diagnostic formulations, counseling interventions, and the supervisory process itself are sensitive to the range of diversity that supervisees may encounter - address multicultural issues
Common supervisor roles
-coach
-teacher (focus on practical skills and internal processes more than theory)
-administrator
-mentor
-advocate
-gatekeeper (ensuring professional rigor is maintained, protecting the profession)
Isomorphism
patterns of therapist-client interaction replicate problematic interactional patterns within the family or issues in client-therapist relationship re-created in the supervisee-supervisor relationship and vice versa
Power in supervisory relationship
Supervisors are responsible for client care and therapist growth, but they rely on therapists reports of their work
* Supervisees choose which clients to present; videos to show, etc.
* Supervisees have the power NOT to share – supervisor vulnerability
*failing to provide information, especially when things don’t seem to go well, is unethical
Methods of Supervision
*self-report: oral/verbal report on the therapeutic session and process (most common)
*process notes: self-report in a written format creating a record explaining the content of the session and the interactional process
*audio recording: (gives direct and useful info about the supervisee)
*video recording: (allows for assessing subtleties of the interaction between the supervisee and client
*live supervision: (provides the most accurate info about the therapy session)
Ethical Issues in Supervision
-exploitation (do not use influential position to exploit the trust and dependency of students and supervisees, including avoiding conditions and multiple relationships that could impair their professional objectivity)
-therapy (not be therapist for supervisee)
-sexual intimacy (not have sex with supervisee)
-therapist competence (not allow supervisees to practice beyond their competence, training, level of experience; take reasonable measures to ensure services provided by supervisees are professional)
-therapist/supervisor professionalism
-confidentiality (MFT supervisors do not disclose supervisee confidences except by written authorization or waiver or when mandated or permitted by law)
-payment (MFT supervisors shall not enter into financial arrangements with supervisees through deceptive or exploitive practices…nor…exert undue influence over supervisees when establishing supervision fees)
-informed consent (both verbal and in writing outlining rights of supervisee)
CRPO Supervision Agreement Requirements
- the purpose of the supervision, plan for
supervision and/or expectations of the relationship; - contract details, e.g. duration, frequency, etc.;
- format (individual, dyadic, or group); modality (psychodynamic, cognitive behavioural, systemic, other); and method (self-report, videotape, live observation, thematic, other);
- location or medium of meeting (face-to-face; electronic medium, etc.);
- expectations/responsibilities of supervisor and supervisee(s) i.e. who has ultimate responsibility
- expectations regarding the sharing of client information and informing clients about supervision;
- policies regarding the confidentiality of information shared between/among supervisor and supervisee(s);
- Processes for: providing evaluation and/or feedback; resolving conflicts; remuneration; emergency or off-schedule contact; renewing or terminating the agreement
- making explicit what, if any, responsibility the supervisor will take for the well-being of the client in the therapy
Legal aspects of supervision
- informed consent with clients
- Confidentiality and its limits
- Liability (direct and vicarious)
Requirements for Documenting supervision
- should be a separate note not attached to any clients’ files
- should not have any PHI or other info that identifies clients
- summarize conversation in supervision - not discuss follow up actions taken with clients
