Biostatistics > Midtermsz > Flashcards

Midtermsz Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the tests applied to data that are normally distributed?

A

Parametric tests

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2
Q

tests expressed in interval and ratio

A

parametric tests

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3
Q

tests that do not require normal distribution

A

non-parametric tests

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4
Q

tests that utilize both nominal and ordinal data

A

non-parametric tests

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5
Q

tests wherein skewness (s^3) = 0

A

parametric tests

skewness or s^3 when = 0 is symmetrical

s^3 < 0 = nega skewed

s^3 > 0 = posi skewed
s^3 = 0 = symmetrical

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6
Q

tests that have a kurtosis (s^4) of not greater than 0.265

A

parametric tests

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7
Q

tests that utilize skewness that is either positive or negative

A

non-parametric tests

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8
Q

What are the 4 parametric tests given sa vid?

A
  • Paired t-test
  • Unpaired t-test
  • Pearson correlation
  • One-way ANOVA

PUPO

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9
Q

4 non-parametric tests

A
  • Wilcoxin Rank sum test
  • Mann-Whitney U test
  • Spearman correlation
  • Kruskal Wallis test

Whoa Man Sex Kayo?

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10
Q

what will you do if computed t-statistics is lesser than critical value?

A

accept null; no significant difference

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11
Q

If p-value calculated is less than or equal to the alpha value, what will you do?

A

reject null hypothesis, accept alternative

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12
Q

If p-value is greater than alpha level, what will u do?

A

accept null, reject alternative

this means data has equal variances

accept null if stats < crit value

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13
Q

what is used to determine if there are significant difference between the means of 3 or more population or sample groups

A

ANOVA; analysis of variance

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14
Q

what parametric test is used if u are testing 3 means to find out if popu groups are related to one another

A

ANOVA

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15
Q

what type of ANOVA do you use if you are handling 1 independent variable among 3 popu groups? what if 2 independent variables

A

1-way ANOVA; 2-way ANOVA

n-way ANOVA depends on the number of ind variables

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16
Q

what is the nonparametric test equivalent of ANOVA?

A

Kruskal Wallis test

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17
Q

what are the 3 types of degrees of freedom?

A

between, within, & total

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18
Q

degrees of freedom characterized by k-1?

A

degrees of freedom between

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19
Q

degrees of freedom characterized by N-k?

A

Degrees of freedom within

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20
Q

degrees of freedom characterized by (k-1)+(N-k)?

A

degrees of freedom total

add between & within

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21
Q

what degrees of freedom is df1 in the f-table?

A

degrees of freedom between

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22
Q

degrees of freedom that is seen as the numerator in the f-table

A

degrees of freedom between

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23
Q

degrees of freedom seen as the denominator in the f-table

A

degrees of freedom within

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24
Q

degrees of freedom that is also known as df2 in the f-table?

Study These Flashcards
A

degrees of freedom within

25
the k in k-1 stands for?
the number of experimental groups
26
what do you call the mean of all the gathered data?
grand mean
27
formula for sum of squares total
∑(value - grand mean)^2
28
formula for sum of squares within
∑(value per grp - mean per grp)2
29
formula for sum of squares total
SStotal - SS within
30
the variance is also known as the what in ANOVA?
mean square
31
formula for mean square between
MSb = SSbet/dfbet
32
formula for mean square within
MSw = SSwithin/dfwithin
33
formula for mean square within
MSw = SSwithin/dfwithin
34
formula for f-statistic
MSb/MSw
35
this is what you call the process wherein we compare the variables in the x-axis and the y-axis
correlation
36
the degree to which the change in 1 continuous variable is associated with a change in another variable
correlation
37
this is where you can describe the strength and direction of an association between variables
Correlation
38
this describes how values are near to each other
strength
39
if there is equal gap between values, the correlation is said to be? | strong or weak
strong
40
what do u call the graph of plotted points that show the relationship between two sets of data
scatter plot
41
nonlinear correlation is also known as
curvilinear
42
this happens when the ratio of change between two variables is not constant
nonlinear or curvilinear correlation
43
this is the direction of the graph when the y-value increases as the x-value increases
positive
44
direction of the graph when the y-value decreases as the x-value decreases
negative
45
this is the statistics that quantify the relation between x and y in free terms
Correlation coefficients
46
As statistics reaches near 0 in correlation coefficients, strength is? | greater or lesser
lesser
47
If correlation coefficient exceeds 1, what does it imply?
there is an error in the computation
48
# Identify the relation between variables (interpretation of strength) 0.70 to 1.00
Very strong
49
# Identify the relation between variables (interpretation of strength) 0.50 to 0.69
Substantial
50
# Identify the relation between variables (interpretation of strength) 0.30 to 0.49
Moderate
51
# Identify the relation between variables (interpretation of strength) 0.10 to 0.29
Low
52
# Identify the relation between variables (interpretation of strength) 0.01 to 0.09
Negligible
53
what do you call the follow-up test after conducting ANOVA when there is significant difference?
Post Hoc Test
54
This is done when Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted in ANOVA
Post Hoc
55
Post Hoc test done when all population groups are the same in size
Tukey HSD (Honesty Significant Difference)
56
Post Hoc test that is regarded as the safest option and is chosen regardless of the number of population groups
Bonferroni
57
This post hoc test is done in unequal sample groups that has a small population number (n<30)
Gabriels
58
post hoc test done in unequal sample grps in a large population (n>30)
Hochberg's GT2
59
we use this post hoc test if there is unequal variances
Games-Howell
Biostatistics
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