What is migration?
movement of people to an area or country.
International migration
movement from one country to another
Internal migration
movement within a country.
net migration
number of migrants entering a region/country minus the number of migrants who leave. (differene between the people coming in and out)
voluntary migration
where inidvuals/households have a choice whether to move or not.
forced migration
no choice but to move e.g war
rural-urban migration
movement from the countryside to the city.
Urban- rural migration(counterurbanisation)
people moving from a city to the countryside.
intra-urban migration
movement of people within an urban area.
What are the three processes of migration?
chain migration, stepped migration and illegal migration.
What is chain migration?
The movment of people to an area that causes more people to follow to the area. Due to word of mouth or dispersing of families.
What is stepped migration?
The gradual movement from origin to destination through multiple moves. e.g village, town, regional city, capital city.
What is illegal migration?
migration that violates the law of the country being moved to.
What are push factors of migration?
- high unemployment
- war
- low wages
- lack of access to services.
- low quality of life
What are pull factors of migration?
- job opportunities
- better services
- improved environment
- improved quality of life.
Define distance decay
the further the distance, the fewer migrants.
