The discovery connector is used for which server?
It is used for VMware
Which Discovery tool will you use if we have VMware hyper, server, etc.?
The Discovery connector for VMware and use Discovery agent for hyper-v and servers.
Which OS is supported in discovery connector?
all OS supported by vCenter
What is RPO?
A recovery point objective (RPO) is the maximum length of time permitted that data can be restored from, which may or may not mean data loss. It is the age of the files or data in backup storage required to resume normal operations if a computer system or network failure occurs.
What is RTO?
The recovery time objective (RTO) is the targeted duration of time between the event of failure and the point where operations resume.
What are different backup and restore strategies?
- Back and Restore: In the backup is taken in S3. If disaster strikes, the backup can be restored on the servers, and it will have high RTO and high RPO.
- Disaster Recovery - Pilot light: A small version of the app is always running in the cloud and is useful for the critical core (pilot core). The critical systems are already up and running. Therefore it’s faster than backup and restores.
- Warm Standby: The full system is up and running at a minimum scale. When disaster strikes, you can scale up to production load.
- Hot site or multi-site: Very low RTO (minute or seconds) - very expensive. The full production scale is running on AWS and on on-premise
What is DMS - Database Migration service?
AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) is a managed migration and replication service that helps move your database and analytics workloads to AWS quickly, securely, and with minimal downtime and zero data loss. AWS DMS supports migration between the 20-plus database and analytics engines
it supports:
- Homogeneous migration: Oracle to Oracle migration
- Heterogeneous migration: oracle to Aurora
it supports continuous data application using CDC (Change data capture).
To use DMS, you must create EC2 to perform replication task.
What is schema conversion tool (SCT)?
it converts your database schema from one engine to another.
Example: converting schema in SQL server for MySQL or Aurora.
What is the difference between DMS and Schema Conversion Tool
AWS Database Migration Service or AWS DMS provides shifting of your data to AWS. This service enables you to migrate all the data securely. This service is even more helpful because your data source will remain operational throughout the migration process. Change Data Capture (CDC) is a feature that enables you to copy data for migration using AWS DMS. CDC enables an uninterrupted flow of data as it is replicated.
AWS Schema Conversion Tool is a free-of-cost feature that comes with AWS Data Migration Service. This free part of the service is given a different name.
AWS SCT is a service that brilliantly automates the entire conversion from one database to another.
Databases like Oracle PL/SQL and SQL Server T-SQL code are usually where the schema is picked up from.
Schema from such database tools is then converted into equivalent codes in the Amazon Aurora/MySQL dialect of SQL.
How to migrate MySQL to Aurora?
- RDS MySQL to Aurora MySQL
- Option 1: DB Snapshots from RDS MySQL restored as MySQL Aurora DB
- Option 2: Create an Aurora Read Replica from your RDS MySQL, and when the replication lag is 0, promote it as its own DB cluster (can take time and cost $)
- External MySQL to Aurora MySQL
- Option 1:
- Use Percona XtraBackup to create a file backup in Amazon S3
- Create an Aurora MySQL DB from Amazon S3
- Option 2:
- Create an Aurora MySQL DB
- Use the mysqldump utility to migrate MySQL into Aurora (slower than S3 method)
- Option 1:
- Use DMS if both databases are up and running
How to migrate PostgreSQL to Aurora?
- RDS PostgreSQL to Aurora PostgreSQL
- Option 1: DB Snapshots from RDS PostgreSQL restored
as PostgreSQL Aurora DB - Option 2: Create an Aurora Read Replica from your RDS
PostgreSQL, and when the replication lag is 0, promote it
as its own DB cluster (can take time and cost $)
- Option 1: DB Snapshots from RDS PostgreSQL restored
- External PostgreSQL to Aurora PostgreSQL
- Create a backup and put it in Amazon S3
- Import it using the aws_s3 Aurora extension
- Use DMS if both databases are up and running
What are other migration services offered by AWS?
- Ability to download Amazon linux 2 AMI as VM
- VM Import / Export
• Migrate existing applications into EC2
• Create a DR repository strategy for your on-premises VMs
• Can export back the VMs from EC2 to on-premises - AWS Application Discovery Service
• Gather information about your on-premises servers to plan a migration
• Server utilization and dependency mappings
• Track with AWS Migration Hub - AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
• replicate On-premise => AWS , AWS => AWS, AWS => On-premise
• Works with various database technologies (Oracle, MySQL, DynamoDB, etc..) - AWS Server Migration Service (SMS)
• Incremental replication of on-premises live servers to AWS
What is AWS backup?
AWS Backup makes it easy to centrally configure backup policies and monitor backup activity for AWS resources, such as Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) instances, Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) volumes, Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) databases, Amazon DynamoDB tables, Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) file systems, Amazon FSx file systems, and AWS Storage Gateway volumes.
- It supports cross-region and cross-account backups.
- Supports PITR for supported services
- On-Demand and Scheduled backups
- Tag-based backup policies
• You create backup policies known as Backup Plans
• Backup frequency (every 12 hours, daily, weekly, monthly, cron expression)
• Backup window
• Transition to Cold Storage (Never, Days, Weeks, Months, Years)
• Retention Period (Always, Days, Weeks, Months, Years)
Enforce a WORM (Write Once Read Many) state for all the backups that you store in your AWS Backup Vault
Additional layer of defense to protect your backups against:
- Inadvertent or malicious delete operations
- Updates that shorten or alter retention periods
Even the root user cannot delete backups when enabled
What is application discovery services?
AWS Application Discovery Service helps you plan your migration to the AWS cloud by collecting usage and configuration data about your on-premises servers.
- Agentless Discovery Connectors: Get the VM inventory, configuration and performance history with the help of the discovery connectors.
- Agent based discovery: System configuration, system performance, running processes, and details of the network
connections between systems
Application Discovery Service is integrated with AWS Migration Hub, which simplifies your migration tracking as it aggregates your migration status information into a single console.
What is application migration service (MGN)
AWS Application Migration Service (MGN) is a highly automated lift-and-shift (rehost) solution that simplifies, expedites, and reduces the cost of migrating applications to AWS. It enables companies to lift-and-shift a large number of physical, virtual, or cloud servers without compatibility issues, performance disruption, or long cutover windows. MGN replicates source servers into your AWS account. When you’re ready, it automatically converts and launches your servers on AWS so you can quickly benefit from the cost savings, productivity, resilience, and agility of the Cloud.
What is VMWare cloud on AWS?
VMware Cloud on AWS is the preferred service for AWS for all vSphere-based workloads. VMware Cloud on AWS brings VMware’s enterprise-class SDDC software to the AWS Cloud with optimized access to native AWS services. Powered by VMware Cloud Foundation, VMware Cloud on AWS integrates VMware’s compute, storage, and network virtualization products (VMware vSphere, VMware vSAN, and VMware NSX) along with VMware vCenter Server management, optimized to run on dedicated, elastic, bare-metal AWS infrastructure.
How to move large amount of data to AWS efficiently (HPC)?
- AWS Direct Connect
- Snowball and Snowmobile
- AWS DataSync
How the achieve high computing capability?
- Use CPU optimized and GPU optimized EC2 instance
- Use Spot instances or spot fleet for saving cost saving and auto scaling.
- User Cluster EC2 placement group as all the EC2 instances are on the same rack and AZ.
How to achieve high performance networking capabiities?
- use higher bandwidth with higher packet per second and and low latency
- use elastic network adapter (ENA) that can give this give the speed of 100 gigabits per second
- use elastic fabric adapter (EFA): it only works with Linux. It provides high speed internode communication. It bypasses the underlying Linux OS to provide low latency and reliable transport.
What are high performance storage options?
- Use EBS it can scale up to 256,000 IOPS with IO2 block express
- Instance Store: It scales up to millions of IOPS. Linked to EC2 instances and it has, and it has low latency
- network storage:
- Amazon S3
- Amazon EFS
- Amazon FSX for luster
What to increase performance for automation and orchestration?
- amazon batch
- Amazon Batch supports multi-node parallel jobs, which enable you to run single job that can run on multiple EC2 instances
- It’s easy to schedule jobs and launch EC2 instances
- AWS parallel cluster
- open source cluster management tool to deploy HPC on AWS.
- Configure with text files
- automatic creation of VPC subnet, cluster type and instance types
