MIS Test 3 (Chapter 6)

Question 1

What is a client?

Answer 1

Any computer on the network that requests and uses the services provided by the server.

Question 2

What is a server?

Answer 2

A computer that is specifically optimized to provide software and other resources to other computers on the network.

Question 3

What is a network interface device?

Answer 3

Each computer on the network contains a network interface device to link the computer to the network; serves as a unique identifier

Question 4

what is a connection medium?

Answer 4

The connection medium used to link network components (e.g., telephone wire, cable, radio signal)

Question 5

What is a network operating system (NOS)?

Answer 5

Routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources. May reside on every computer or on a dedicated server.

Question 6

What is a hub?

Answer 6

Device used to connect network components, sending packets of data to all other connected devices. Least intelligent and expensive.

Question 7

What is a switch?

Answer 7

Used to filter and forward data to a specified destination on the network. More efficient than hub

Question 8

What is a router?

Answer 8

A special communications processor used to route packets of data through different networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address. Smartest and most complicated.

Question 9

What is client/server computing?

Answer 9

A form of distributed computing that partitions software processes between client and server computers.

Question 10

What is packet switching?

Answer 10

• Allows millions of users to send chunks of data across the Internet concurrently
• Messages are broken down into small fixed bundles of data called packets
• Based on the concept of turn taking, packets from each user are alternated in the shared network
• Does not require a dedicated circuit

Question 11

What are protocols?

Answer 11

A set of rules and procedures governing transmission of information between two points in a network

Question 12

What is a transmission protocol?

Answer 12

Provides a universally agreed-on method for breaking up digital messages into packets, routing them to the proper address, and then reassembling them into coherent messages

Question 13

What is a local-area network (LAN)?

Answer 13

Designed to connect personal computers and other digital devices within a half-mile

Question 14

What is a star network?

Answer 14

is configured in the shape of a star with all nodes or workstations connected to a central hub through which all messages pass

Question 15

What is a bus network?

Answer 15

is configured in the shape of an open-ended line with all nodes or workstations able to receive the same message at the same time

Question 16

What is a ring network?

Answer 16

is configured in the shape of a circle with each node connecting to the next node. Messages travel around the circle in one direction.

Question 17

What is a wide-area network (WAN)?

Answer 17

• Span large geographical distances
• Typically used to connect two or more LANs
• Most universal and powerful WAN is the Internet

Question 18

What is a metropolitan-area network (MAN)?

Answer 18

• A network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs
• Typically use a wireless infrastructure as well as high-speed connections using fiber-optic technologies.

Question 19

What are the benefits and drawbacks of a twisted pair?

Answer 19

• inexpensive; easy to install and reconfigure

- Highly susceptible to EML, eavesdropping, and attenuation; unsuitable for high speeds

Question 20

What are the benefits and drawbacks of a coaxial?

Answer 20

• higher bandwidth than twisted pair; lower susceptibility to EML, eavesdropping, and attenuation than twisted pair
• more expensive than twisted pair; more difficult to install, reconfigure, and manage attenuation than twisted pair; bulky

Question 21

What are the benefits and drawbacks of a fiber-optic?

Answer 21

• very high bandwidth; low attenuation and immune to EMI and eavesdropping
• expensive cable and hardware; complex installation and maintenance

Question 22

What are the advantages and disadvantages of wireless transmission media?

Answer 22

• Most wireless media is susceptible to EMI and eavesdropping
• Costs start out moderate with high frequency radio and terrestrial microwave, and rise sharply with satellite microwave

Question 23

What is the internet?

Answer 23

• A large worldwide collection of networks that use a common protocol (TCP/IP) to communicate with each other.
• Created in the early 1970s by DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) to link scientists and university

Question 24

What is an IP address?

Answer 24

• Each domain (rowan.edu) is associated with one or more IP addresses, which serves as a destination address
• Any device on a network must have its own unique address
• Format: written as 4 numbers (from 0-255) separated by periods.
• ——-Example: 134.121.0.99

Question 25

What is a domain system name?

Answer 25

- Provides a service analogous to an address book lookup - Special DNS servers on the internet are dedicated to performing the translation from a domain name to an IP address and vice versa.

Question 26

What is IPv6?

Answer 26

- The world will run out of IP addresses using the existing addressing convention by 2012 or 2013 - IPv6 is a new version of the IP addressing schema which uses 128-bit addresses, or more than a quadrillion unique addresses

Question 27

What is internet2?

Answer 27

- Internet that focuses on: ----more effective routing practices ----different levels of service depending on the type and importance of data ----advanced applications

Question 28

What is voice over IP (VoIP)?

Answer 28

Uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to deliver voice information in digital form using packet switching

Question 29

What is a virtual private network (VPN)?

Answer 29

A secure connection between two points across the Internet to transmit corporate data. Provides a low-cost alternative to a private network.

Question 30

What is the world wide web?

Answer 30

- The most popular Internet service - A system with universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a networked environment.

Question 31

What is hypertext markup language (HTML)?

Answer 31

lets you specify the structure of a document, format text, add graphics, sound, and video, and save it all in a text file that any computer can read.

Question 32

What is hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)?

Answer 32

the set of standards used by web servers to process user requests for web pages.

Question 33

What is a web server?

Answer 33

software for locating and managing stored Web pages.

Question 34

What are wireless sensor networks (WSNs)?

Answer 34

- Networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces - Devices contain built-in processing, storage and radio frequency sensors and antennas - May be used to monitor traffic or building security, or to detect hazardous substances in the air

Question 35

What is radio frequency identification (RFID)?

Answer 35

- Provide powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain - Uses tiny tags with embedded microchips to transmit data about an item to a RFID reader that passes data on to network - RFID tags do not require line of sight