Which drug DOES NOT cause hyperkalaemia?
- Beta blockers
- Heparins
- Co-trimoxazole
- Paracetamol
- Ciclosporin
Paracetamol
A patient is admitted with hyperkalaemia, which drug may have caused this?
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Citalopram
- Eplenerone
- Atorvastatin
Eplenerone - aldosterone antagonist
Can digoxin cause hyperkalaemia?
Yes at toxic levels
‘Beta blockers can cause hyperkalaemia’
True or false?
True
Which drug DOES NOT cause hyperkalaemia?
- Aliskiren
- Tacrloimus
- Amiloride
- Metformin
- Heparin
Metformin
Which drug does NOT cause hypokalaemia?
- Theophylline
- Gentamicin
- Insulin
- Sodium bicabonate
- Mesalazine
Mesalazine
What side effect is caused by excessive laxative use?
Hypokalaemia
Consequence of excess use of stimulant laxatives eg, senna, docusate, biacodyl, sodium picosulfate
Which diuretics can cause hypokalaemia?
Loop + thiazide like diuretics
eg, furosemia, bumetanide, bendro, indapamide
Which drug does NOT cause hypokalaemia?
- Cisplatin
- Miconazole
- Parecoxib
- Caspofungin
- Fludrocortisone
Miconazole
Which antibiotics can cause hypokalaemia?
- Gentamicin
- High dose penicillins
What is the normal plasma range for K+?
3.5-5.1 mmol/L
Which drug DOES NOT cause hypernatraemia?
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Prednisolone
- Oral contraceptive
- Salbutamol
- Furosemide
Salbutamol
What may be a cause of hypernatraemia that is NOT a medicine?
- Dehydration
- DKA
What is the normal plasma sodium level?
133-146 mmol/L
Which drugs do NOT cause hyponatraemia?
- Antidepressants
- Desmopressin
- Sulphonylureas
- Beta-blockers
- Cyclophosphamide
Beta-blockers
Can all antidepressants cause hyponatraemia?
Yes - most common with SSRIs
Which anti-diabetic drugs are associated with hyponatraemia?
Sulphonylureas
eg, gliclazide, glibenclamide, tolbutamide etc
Which anti-epileptics are associated with hyponatraemia?
Carbemazepine, oxcarbazepine, eslicarbazepine
Which drug does NOT cause hypokalaemia?
- Olanzapine (anti-psychotic)
- Ramipril (ACE-i)
- Citalopram (SSRI)
- Atovaquone (anti-malarial)
- Digoxin (cardiac glycoside)
Digoxin
Signs of hyponatraemia?
Convulsions N+V Confusion Headache Weakness
What does the abbreviation pc mean?
After food
What does the abbreviation ac mean?
Before food
