mitochondria

Question 1

what do mitochondria contain?

Answer 1

• their own DNA
• two membranes

Question 2

what do mitochondria do?

Answer 2

• move around the cell
• only produce some proteins they need
• produce ATP
• undergo fission and fusion events

Question 3

In mitochondrial disease, the fault mitochondria are inherited from…

Answer 3

the mother

Question 4

what are the regions/areas/parts/domains/spaces/membranes of the mitochondria?

Answer 4

• crista junction
• crista membrane
• crista space
• cristea
• inner membrane
• inter membrane space
• matrix
• outer membrane

Question 5

what happens during energy production in the mitochondria?

Answer 5

the flow of protons through ATP-synthase generated ATP

Question 6

features of pmf during energy production in mitochondria

Answer 6

• consists of the proton gradient and the pH gradient

Question 7

how do protons move

Answer 7

down pH gradient
across the membraned due to difference in membrane potential

Question 8

how does membrane potential effect pmf

Answer 8

contributes more to the proton motive force (PMF) than the pH gradient

Question 9

What carries electrons from the Krebs cycle (aka Citric Acid; TCA) to the electron transport chain?

Answer 9

NADH

Question 10

What are inputs for energy production in the mitochondria?

Answer 10

ADP
O2
acetyl CoA

Question 11

What are outputs of energy production in the mitochondria?

Answer 11

ATP
CO2
H2O

Question 12

True or false? The mitochondria use the same genetic code as the rest of the cell?

Answer 12

false

Question 13

In a three-parent baby (mitochondrial replacement therapy), which of the following would be true?

Answer 13

• The germ-line of the resulting baby is permanently changed, that is, it will no longer have the same mtDNA as the mother
• The mitochondria of the mother carried a faulty gene and hence needed replacing
• The resulting baby will have genomic DNA derived from the mother and the father
• the resulting baby will have the same genomic DNA derived from the mother and father, and different mtDNA, compared to the mother