mitosis
type of cell division that produces two genetrically identical daughter cells , each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
main functions of mitosis
growth
repair
asexual reproduction
what are the stages of cell cycle
interphase
mitosis
cytokinesis
what happens during interphase
Growth 1- cell grows and carries out normal function
synthesis- DNA is replicated
growth 2- cell prepares for mitosis, organelles duplicate
what are the stages of mitosis
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
what happens during prophase
- chromosomes condense and become visible
- nuclear membrane breaks down
- centrioles move to opposite poles
- spindle fibres start forming
what happens during metaphase
- chromosomes align at the equator
- spindle fibres attach to the centromeres of chromosomes
what happens during anaphase
- spindle fibres contract which pulls sister chromatids apart
- chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell
what happens during telophase
- chromatids condense into chromatin
- nuclear membranes reform around each set of chromosome
- spindle fibres break down
what is cytokinesis and when does it occur
division of the cytoplasm, occurs after telophase forming 2 separate daughter cells
how does cytokineses differ in plants and animals
animals- cleavage furrow forms, pinching the cell into 2
plant- cell plate forms, developing into a new cell wall
mitotic index
measure of proportion of cells that are dividing in the tissue sample
