what three effects can immobility and deconditioning have on the urinary system?
renal calculi, urinary stasis, and infection
what is ACES and what is it used for?
A-alert
C-cooperative
E-extremities
S-sits unsupported
used to determine if client can safely stand
what is very important to monitor in fractures?
neurovascular status (6 Ps)
what options are available to treat/manage bone fractures? (3)
Buck’s traction,
open reduction internal fixation,
or open reduction external fixation
what are 4 bone fracture complications?
infection (wound site), compartment syndrome, venous thromboembolism, fat embolism
what are four interventions for compartment syndrome?
prevention
good assessments
cast removal
fasciotomy
if a venous thromboembolism can’t be prevented, what four interventions would be indicated?
anticoag/thrombolytics,
O2 if indicated
bedrest
surgery
what 5 interventions are indicated with fat embolism
good assessments to catch it!
02
hydration (IV)
steroid therapy
fracture immobilization
what position should a patient be in after an above knee amputation every 3 to 4 hours?
why?
what about for a BKA?
prone. to prevent contractures. same for BKA
what type of therapy can be used to help patients after an amputation?
mirror therapy
determine if the following spinal cord injuries are quadriplegia or paraplegia
T2
C8
C5
T5
C4
para
quad
quad
para
quad and ventilator needed
what are two special assessments to perform in someone with a spinal cord injury?
GCS and dermatomes/myotomes (testing sensation/pain)
two surgeries taht can be used for spinal cord injuries
laminectomy and fusion
what is happeneing in neurogenic shock?
a loss of sympathetic innervation of the heart
which spinal cord injuries are most at risk for neurogenic shock?
injuries above T6
what are the findings that point to neurogenic shock?
hypotension (SBP<90), bradycardia
how do we treat neurogenic shock?
fluids, dextran IV (plasma expander), vasopressors and atropine to treat bradycardia
a patient with a spinal cord injury has a sudden rise in BP with tachycardia, sweating and a headache. What should my first interventions be? what is the likely cause?
place pt in sitting position, assess and address cause: urinary retention or catheter blockage, fecal impaction or colorectal irritation
monitor BP Q15 min
lower bp with IV nifedipine or nitrate
Cause: autonomic dysreflexia
what three ways can we manage airway and improve breathing in spinal cord injuries?
manage secretions w/ suctioning
incentive spirometry
assisted coughing/quad cough
what is poikilothermia?
when the body of someone with a spinal cord injury takes on the temperature of the environment
what will i see with guillain-barre syndrome?
ascending paralysis and eventual respiratory depression
what blood-related therapies are used for guillain-barre syndrome?
IVIG and plasmapheresis
what disease is treated with pallidotomy and deep brain stimulation?
parkinson’s
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week 3 CVS part 157
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week 4 Cardiac part 267
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week 5 GI76
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Week 6 Gi part 250
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Mmobility week 731
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week 9 Cancer57
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urinary14
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sSurgery: pre-op11
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surgery- post-op29
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surgery : intra-op11
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Intracranial regulation/increased ICP33
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traumatic brain injury/brain tumors25
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Meningitis, TIA, stroke37
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practice questions from Iggy48
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peds neuro9
