MO2a --> Control & Communication

Question 1

What are the two main components of the Nervous System?

Answer 1

The Central Nervous System (CNS) and other nerves.

Question 2

Which two organs make up the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Answer 2

The brain and the spinal cord.

Question 3

What is the specific name for a nerve cell?

Answer 3

A neuron.

Question 4

What is the function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Answer 4

To process information from the senses that requires a response.

Question 5

What are the three main regions of the brain?

Answer 5

Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Medulla.

Question 6

Function of the Cerebrum?

Answer 6

Site of conscious thought, reasoning, memory, and emotions.

Question 7

Function of the Cerebellum?

Answer 7

Controls balance and coordination of movement.

Question 8

Function of the Medulla?

Answer 8

Controls heart rate, breathing, and peristalsis.

Question 9

Name the three types of neurons.

Answer 9

Sensory, Inter, and Motor.

Question 10

Function of a Sensory neuron?

Answer 10

Carries electrical impulses from receptors to the CNS.

Question 11

Function of an Inter neuron?

Answer 11

Operates within the CNS; transmits impulses from sensory to motor neurons.

Question 12

Function of a Motor neuron?

Answer 12

Carries impulses from the CNS to effectors (muscles or glands).

Question 13

How are messages carried along a neuron?

Answer 13

By electrical impulses.

Question 14

What is a synapse?

Answer 14

The gap between two neurons.

Question 15

How are messages transferred across a synapse?

Answer 15

Chemicals (neurotransmitters) diffuse across the gap to generate an impulse in the next neuron.

Question 16

What is the primary purpose of a reflex arc?

Answer 16

To protect the body from harm/danger.

Question 17

Why are reflex responses so fast?

Answer 17

They are involuntary and the brain is not involved in the immediate response.

Question 18

Describe the pathway of a reflex arc.

Answer 18

Stimulus → Receptor → Sensory Neuron → Inter Neuron (in spinal cord) → Motor Neuron → Effector → Response.

Question 19

What are two examples of an “effector”?

Answer 19

A muscle or a gland.