Obstructive Uropathy
Any obstruction to urine outflow
Prerenal
Decreased blood flow and perfusion to the kidney
Intrarenal
Actual injuries to the kidney
Postrenal
Obstruction of urine outflow from the kidneys
Hypovolemia
Low blood volume
hydronephrosis
urine back up into kidney
nephrotoxic drugs
NSAID’s, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, statins, some antibiotics
Acute Tubular Necrosis
Ischemia and hypoxia damage to nephron
*Common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI)
Oliguria
Inadequate amount of urine