According to Love, 2010, what is the purpose of a code?
Codes are used to educate novice psychologists and remind experienced psychologists about the ethical aspirations of the profession and the appropriate standards of professional conduct.
What is the difference between code of Ethics and Code of Practice?
- Code of Ethics stipulates the aspirational ethical principles of the profession but does not tell psychologists what to do.
- Code of Practice is a document that tells Psychologists what is the minimum behavioural standards which they must adhere to.
How many general principles are there in the code?
Three; Respect; Propriety and Integrity.
The first tier is three general principles.
The second tier consists of an aspirational implications of the general principles.
The third tier is the code of conduct which provides the minimum behavioural standards that psychologists must meet.
According to Behnke, 2006 what should a code address?
A code should address issues that are pertinent to the public, stakeholders and all Psychologists irrespective of their specialization or the settings they work in.
What are the four bodies that oversee training for Psychologists?
- Australian Psychological Society (APS)
- Heads of Departments and Schools of the Psychology Association (HODSPA)
- Australian Psychology Accreditation Council (APAC)
- Psychology Board of Australia (PsyBA
What are the three general principles of the APS code of Ethics?
- Respect; Respect the rights, dignity and equity of all peoples
- Propriety; Ensure competency, non-harm, place interest of client and profession over self
- Integrity; Acknowledge and respect the power and trust of the therapists position
According to Allen, in what 5 ways do ethics and law intersect for psychologists?
- Psychologists interact directly and indirectly with the legal system
- Psychologists experience moral and ethical issues because of the situation of their clients
- Psychologists may work for organisations with legal requirements
- Psychologists interact with allied professionals with different ethics standards
- Inevitable participation in ethical debate
What is the difference between Laws, Ethics and Morals?
Law = minimal standard society can tolerate, enforceable by government
Ethics = standards or principles that guide the conduct of a specific set of people
Maximum or ideal standards set and enforced by professional bodies
Morals = general or unwritten sense of right and wrong
Generally more personal
How many Health Professionals are governed by AHPRA?
14
According to Knapp, what is the ethical floor approach?
When Psychologist’s only look at the enforceable Code of Conduct - the standards - and not consider the general aspirational principles, because no penalties are involved.
What was Rushworth Kidder (2009) referring to when he commented “much of what passes for ethics today is rule making dressed up as philosophy”
The Ethical Floor Approach
What is Positive Ethics?
It refers to anchoring all professional behaviour and decisions in an overarching ethical philosophy of what Psychologists can be, not simply avoiding what they should not do.
According to the positive approach, what does ethical practice require of psychologists?
Not only requires Psychologists to know and follow the rules but requires them to consider how they can maximise the implementation of their moral values within the context of their professional roles.
Positive Ethics has many advantages, however, what is the main implication of Positive Ethics for Psychologists?
How Psychologists respond to the many challenges they face.
According to Klein (2009) what three models are used to help psychologists navigate ethical decision making?
- Ethical Decision Making model
- Quality enhancement model
- Ethics acculturation model
When would the Ethical decision making model be used?
When you cannot adhere to one ethical principle without offending another.
When would the quality enhancement model be used?
When you have problems reaching goals
When would the ethics acculturation model be used?
When you are uncertain about your role or how to incorporate your personal ethical values and ideals into your professional responsibilities
According to Schon, what is reflective in action?
The ability for a psychologist to think on his or her feet
According to Schon, what is reflective on action?
The ability for the psychologist to analyse their reaction to a given situation and explore the reasons for consequences after the experience.
