Module 1 Take 2

Question 1

Scope of geology

Answer 1

SOlid earth (mineralogy, lithology, soils, volcanism earthquakes, erosion, mass wasting
hydosphere- rain, oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, toxicology and utilitization of water
External processes of the atmosphere- hydrologic cycle

Question 2

Applied geology-Environmental scientists

Answer 2

Concerned with mine reclamation, groundwater contamination restoration, planning waste disposal

Question 3

Applied Geology-Engineering Geologists

Answer 3

Work with civil engineers
select dam sites, construct civil structures in high seismic zones
manage unstale slopes, design transport corridors, manage fault zones or fissured grounds

Question 4

Applied geology- Hydrogeologist

Answer 4

Distinguished in two fields-Surface hydrogeology manages surfac resources
-Limited word “Hydrogeology” concerns groundwater

Question 5

Applied Geology-Economic geologist

Answer 5

search for mineral deposits, oil and gas, geothermal energy, coal etc.
BUT its usually mineral deposits.
-Help design mining operations

Question 6

Applied Geology-Petroleum Geologists

Answer 6

In charge of locating oil and gas. Thus deal alot with sedimentology

Question 7

Applied Geology-Coastal/marine geologist

Answer 7

concerned with coastal structures, maintaining a safe environment in the ever changing coastal environment

Question 8

Three revolutions in geology-1)Uniformitarianism
2) time scope

Answer 8

1. discovered in 1700s, deems physical and chemical laws of rocks to be constant, and thus previous geological structures can be used to describe history
2. James Hutton also realized that must mean earth must be at least millions of years old

Question 9

Three revolutions of geology

Answer 9

uniformitarianism
earth is millions of years old (atleast)
plate tectonics

Question 10

Geologic History

Answer 10

Eons-Hadnt arranged pro fans
2500 mya Archean ends; 550 mya Proterozoic ends; 250 mya Paleozoic ends (within phanerozoic)
Eras-Pale Men Sentinel
Paleozoic ends 250 mya; Mesozoic ends 65 mya; Cenozoic
Periods-Camille ordered six dozen Mrs. Penny Perms
Cambrian Ordivician Silurian Devonian Mississippian Pennsylvanian Permian
Epochs-Pals Eor and Olli, mid plight, play hopscotch
Paleocene Eocene Olligocene Miocene Pliocene Pleistocene ends .01 mya or 10k years, Holocene

Question 11

Significant Events-General Order

Answer 11

Accretion of Earth,
2000 mya-Early Proterozoic oxygenation of atmosphere (10% atmo volume, oxidation leaves behind banded iron formations)
550 mya Evolution of Marine invertebrates with hard shells at end of Archean, early Proterozoic (begins fossil record)
Dinosaurs evolve/radiate at beginning of mesozoic 250 mya
Asteroid extinction event at end of mesozoic 65 mya
Mammals evolve and radiate 60 mya, Paleocene