where does the energy of our climate system come from in the first place?
the sun
true or false. the natural green house effect is harmful or the parts climate and inhabitants
false
what does the greenhouse effect do?
maintains a net energy balance of solar radiation entering and longwave radiation exiting, so that global surface temperatures are relatively constant.
what are The only ways to significantly increase or decrease this net radiation balance
- Increase incoming solar radiation from the sun;
- Alter the reflectivity (known as albedo) of the atmosphere or earth’s surface so that the amount of solar radiation being absorbed is decreased (as in the case of higher albedo, which results in net cooling) or increased (as in the case of lower albedo, which results in net warming);
- Or to alter the amount of surface-generated longwave radiation that passes through the atmosphere and reaches space, by changing the concentration of greenhouse gases.
what are provisioning services of the climate system?
- food subsistence
- agriculture
- water resource
what are regulating services of the climate system?
- air quality maintenance and climate regulation
- regulating of human diseases
- biodiversity
- biological control
- pollination
- storm protection
what are cultural services of the climate system?
- spiritual and religious values and cultural heritage
- knowledge systems
- sense of place
- recreation and ecotourism
what is affected by climate change from the material dimension?
- food security (weather can affect certain crops leading to impacts on wealth and income)
- human health(be affected by changing disease exposure and vulnerability)
- Human security (severe weather events)
- water availability and water related conflict (drought conditions due to climate change)
- economic security(cumulative effect to human health, security, water, food, etc, will have impacts on nations GDP)
what is affected by climate change from the relational dimension?
- knowledge transmission(under threat from the rapidity with which their territories are changing due to climate change)
- cultural continuation(depends on the continued knowledge, harvesting, preparation, sharing, and ceremonial offering of traditional foods, which may become less available with climate change)
- cultural practices(are becoming less viable as a lack of predictability makes it difficult to plan for and carry out cultural events depending on environmental conditions)
- shared spaces(inhabited places that communities jointly identify with and that form an important link with their ancestors could be significantly and rapidly altered)
- climate change activism
what is affected by climate change from the subjective dimension?
- climate depression
- social psychology(there are many social and psychological elements involved in determining what shapes and individual’s beliefs and attitudes about climate change and whether these translate into positive action.)
- the climate system as commons(involving a trade-off between comfort and convenience in the present-day versus in the future)
- climate change adaptation( provide a framework within which climate change adaptation takes place at the community or national level.)
true on false. the amount of outgoing long wave heat energy is equal to the incoming absorbed solar energy
true
warmer ocean temperatures and increasing ocean acidity are causing the death of what?
coral reefs
what causes climate change?
- increased greenhouse gas emissions (itself rooted in multiple sectors and activities)
- changing land use patterns (deforestation removes a carbon sink while releasing the stored CO2 into the atmosphere)
- a global shift in agricultural approaches (the intensification of world-wide cattle production results in the production of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide)
what 3 elements form an important part of our global mitigation strategy?
- Review a few of the technological solutions put forward and the drawback of relying on technology alone to solve the climate crisis.
- We follow with an overview of key points in the history of climate policy, and
- We present some important frameworks for emissions reductions that have been proposed and adopted since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was formed.
what issues do “techno-fixes” not address ?
- the underlying social, economic, and political causes of climate change
- other complex environmental processes that may be affected as a result of technological fixes
- the reality that the tools may not be ready in time or be sufficient to offset our global emissions and to avoid dangerous impacts
what is the adaptation fund intended for?
offering the necessary support and resources for developing countries to address climate change
what are factors in Samso’s success with renewable energy?
- the financially rewarding and empowering nature of the project
- the locally planned and implemented nature of the project
- state support
what is inertia?
a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.
what is modern day climate change caused by?
The enhanced greenhouse effect, caused primarily by the burning of fossil fuels as well as a shift toward global cattle production
what is an example of ecosystem based adaptation?
the restoration of floodplains
what is Ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA)?
- cost efficient
- flexible
- Aimed at improving and supporting local social, economic, and ecological systems
- Concerned with local ecosystems and biodiversity
The island of Samsø is a good example of adaptive climate governance because it:
Provides ownership and control over climate change mitigation to local stakeholders, with the result that they reduced emissions in ways that made sense at the local level
what are the components of the climate system?
- atmosphere
- oceans
- land surface
- sea ice
- land ice
- sediments
