OSH > MODULE 2 > Flashcards

MODULE 2 Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Safety

A

Safety is the control of recognized hazards to achieve an acceptable level of risk [1].

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2
Q

Health

A

Health pertains to protecting individuals from illness or disease caused by exposure to harmful conditions or substances [1].

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3
Q

Accident

A

An unplanned event resulting in injury, illness, or property damage [1].

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4
Q

Hazard

A

A source, situation, or act with potential for harm (chemical, biological, mechanical, etc.) [1].

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5
Q

Risk

A

The combination of likelihood and severity of a hazard causing harm [1].

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6
Q

Exposure

A

The contact between a person and a hazard (who is exposed, how often, and for how long). Exposure strongly affects risk [1].

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7
Q

Philippine Context

A

RA 11058 mandates that employers assess and mitigate risks through workplace safety and health programs [2].

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8
Q

Physical hazards

A

Noise, vibration, heat, radiation [1].

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9
Q

Chemical hazards

A

Gases, vapors, dust, fumes (e.g., formaldehyde in labs) [1].

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10
Q

Biological hazards

A

Bacteria, viruses, fungi [1].

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11
Q

Ergonomic hazards

A

Poor workstation design, repetitive tasks, manual handling leading to musculoskeletal issues [1].

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12
Q

Psychosocial hazards

A

Stress, harassment, burnout [1].

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13
Q

Applied note

A

Multiple hazard types can exist in one activity (example: welding includes physical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards) [1].

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14
Q

Philippine Context

A

The DOLE OSH Standards require formal hazard identification and [1].

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15
Q

Physical hazards

A

Noise, vibration, heat, radiation [1]

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16
Q

Chemical hazards

A

Gases, vapors, dust, fumes (e.g., formaldehyde in labs) [1].

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17
Q

Biological hazards

A

Bacteria, viruses, fungi [1].

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18
Q

Ergonomic hazards

A

Poor workstation design, repetitive tasks, manual handling leading to musculoskeletal issues [1].

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19
Q

Psychosocial hazards

A

Stress, harassment, burnout [1].

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20
Q

Applied note

A

Multiple hazard types can exist in one activity (example: welding includes physical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards) [1].

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21
Q

Philippine Context

A

The DOLE OSH Standards require formal hazard identification and risk documentation under the employer’s Safety and Health Program [3).

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22
Q

Industrial Hygiene

A

Identifies, measures, and controls environmental health risks at work (examples: air sampling, ventilation controls) [1].

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23
Q

Occupational Medicine

A

Medical diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of work-related illnesses or injuries [1].

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24
Q

Safety Engineering

A

Designs systems and processes to eliminate or reduce hazards (examples: guards, interlocks, safe design features) [1].

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25
Ergonomics
Adapts tasks and equipment to human capabilities and limitations (examples: workstation redesign, tool selection) [1].
26
Fire Protection Engineering
Prevents and mitigates fire risks through design, detection, suppression, and egress planning (1].
27
ALARA Principle
Keep exposure 'As Low As Reasonably Achievable,' especially for radiation or toxic substances [1].
28
Hierarchy of Controls
1. Elimination: Remove the hazard. 2. Substitution: Replace with a less hazardous material or process. 3. Engineering Controls: Isolate people from the hazard (e.g., machine guards, ventilation). 4. Administrative Controls: Reduce exposure through rules and systems (eg., procedures, training, scheduling). [1]
29
Physical hazards
Noise, vibration, heat, radiation [1]
30
Chemical hazards
Gases, vapors, dust, fumes (e.g., formaldehyde in labs) [1].
31
Biological hazards
Bacteria, viruses, fungi [1].
32
Ergonomic hazards
Poor workstation design, repetitive tasks, manual handling leading to musculoskeletal issues [1].
33
Psychosocial hazards
Stress, harassment, burnout [1].
34
Applied note
Multiple hazard types can exist in one activity (example: welding includes physical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards) [1].
35
Philippine Context
The DOLE OSH Standards require formal hazard identification and risk documentation under the employer's Safety and Health Program [3).
36
Industrial Hygiene
Identifies, measures, and controls environmental health risks at work (examples: air sampling, ventilation controls) [1].
37
Occupational Medicine
Medical diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of work-related illnesses or injuries [1].
38
Safety Engineering
Designs systems and processes to eliminate or reduce hazards (examples: guards, interlocks, safe design features) [1].
39
Ergonomics
Adapts tasks and equipment to human capabilities and limitations (examples: workstation redesign, tool selection) [1].
40
Fire Protection Engineering
Prevents and mitigates fire risks through design, detection, suppression, and egress planning (1].
41
ALARA Principle
Keep exposure 'As Low As Reasonably Achievable,' especially for radiation or toxic substances [1].
42
Hierarchy of Controls
1. Elimination: Remove the hazard. 2. Substitution: Replace with a less hazardous material or process. 3. Engineering Controls: Isolate people from the hazard (e.g., machine guards, ventilation). 4. Administrative Controls: Reduce exposure through rules and systems (eg., procedures, training, scheduling). [1]
43
PPE
Wearable protection, last line of defense.
44
Example
In welding shops, exhaust ventilation is an engineering control; face shields are PPE.
45
Applied example
Slippery hallway. Engineering control includes anti-slip strips or improved drainage. Administrative control includes cleaning schedule and warning signs. PPE includes non-slip footwear when needed.
46
Leading indicators
Preventive actions such as safety audits, training completion, hazard reporting, and near-miss reporting.
47
Lagging indicators
Incident rates, lost-time injuries, fatalities, used to evaluate outcomes after harm occurs.
48
Good programs track both
Leading indicators show prevention effort; lagging indicators show results and remaining gaps.
49
Philippine Requirement
DOLE mandates submission of WAIR (Work Accident/Illness Report) to track reported cases and support monitoring of lagging indicators.
50
Employers
Provide a safe workplace, conduct risk assessments, implement controls, provide PPE, and provide required OSH training (e.g., BOSH/COSH).
51
Employees
Follow safety procedures, use controls and PPE correctly, and report hazards and incidents.
52
Safety Officers (DOLE-required)
Implement and monitor OSH programs, coordinate inspections and training, and support compliance documentation based on company size and risk level.
53
Engineers
Integrate safety into design, operation, and maintenance, verify compliance with standards, document key decisions, and comply with RA 11058 and DOLE requirements.
54
PPE
Wearable protection, last line of defense.
55
Example
In welding shops, exhaust ventilation is an engineering control; face shields are PPE.
56
Applied example
Slippery hallway. Engineering control includes anti-slip strips or improved drainage. Administrative control includes cleaning schedule and warning signs. PPE includes non-slip footwear when needed.
57
Leading indicators
Preventive actions such as safety audits, training completion, hazard reporting, and near-miss reporting.
58
Lagging indicators
Incident rates, lost-time injuries, fatalities, used to evaluate outcomes after harm occurs.
59
Good programs track both
Leading indicators show prevention effort; lagging indicators show results and remaining gaps.
60
Philippine Requirement
DOLE mandates submission of WAIR (Work Accident/Illness Report) to track reported cases and support monitoring of lagging indicators.
61
Employers
Provide a safe workplace, conduct risk assessments, implement controls, provide PPE, and provide required OSH training (e.g., BOSH/COSH).
62
Employees
Follow safety procedures, use controls and PPE correctly, and report hazards and incidents.
63
Safety Officers (DOLE-required)
Implement and monitor OSH programs, coordinate inspections and training, and support compliance documentation based on company size and risk level.
64
Engineers
Integrate safety into design, operation, and maintenance, verify compliance with standards, document key decisions, and comply with RA 11058 and DOLE requirements.
OSH
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