-Focuses on human growth and changes across the lifespan, including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, personality and emotional growth.
-The study of human developmental stages is essential to understanding how humans learn, mature and adapt. Throughout their lives, humans go through various stages of development.
Human Development
Age when hereditary endowments and sex are fixed and all body features, both external and internal are developed.
Pre-natal (Conception to birth)
Foundation age when basic behavior are organized and many ontogenetic maturation skills are developed.
Infancy (Birth to 2 years)
Pre-gang age, exploratory, and questioning. Language and Elementary reasoning are acquired and initial socialization is experienced.
Early Childhood (2 to 6 years)
Gang and creativity age when self-help skills, social skills, school skills, and play are developed.
Late Childhood (6 to 12 years)
Transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex maturation and rapid physical development occur resulting to changes in ways of feeling, thinking and acting.
Adolescence (puberty to 18 years)
Transition age when adjustments to initial physical and mental decline are experienced.
Middle Age(40 years to retirement)
Retirement age when increasingly rapid physical and mental decline are experienced.
Old Age(Retirement to death)
He elaborated on the Developmental Tasks Theory in the most systematic and extensive manner. His
main assertion is that development is continuous throughout the entire lifespan, occurring in stages, where the individual moves from one stage to the next by means of successful resolution of problems or performance of developmental tasks.
ROBERT J. HAVIGHURST
WHAT ARE THE DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS SUMMARY TABLE OF ROBERT J. HAVIGHURST
- Infancy and Early
Childhood (0-5)
-Middle Childhood (6-12)
-Middle Adulthood (30-60) - Later Maturity (61-)
- Learning to walk
- Learning to take solid food
- Learning to talk
- Learning to control the
elimination of body
wastes - Learning sex differences
and sexual modesty - Acquiring concepts and
language to describe
social and physical
reality - Readiness for reading
- Learning to distinguish
right from wrong and
developing a conscience
Infancy and Early Childhood (0-5)
- Learning physical skills
necessary for ordinary
games - Building a wholesome
attitude towards oneself - Learning to get along with
age-mates - Learning an appropriate
sex role - Developing fundamental
skills in reading, writing,
and calculating - Developing concepts
necessary for everyday
living - Developing conscience,
morality, and a scale of
values - Achieving personal
independence - Developing acceptable
attitudes toward society
Middle Childhood (6-12)
- Helping teenage children
to become happy and
responsible adults - Achieving adult social and
civic responsibility - Satisfactory career
achievement - Developing adult leisure
time activities - Relating to one’s spouse
as a person - Accepting the physiological
changes of middle age - Adjusting to aging parent
Middle Adulthood (30-60)
- Adjusting to decreasing
strength and health - Adjusting to retirement
and reduced income - Adjusting to death of
spouse - Establishing relations with
one’s own age group - Meeting social and civic
obligations - Establishing satisfactory
living quarters
Later Maturity (61-)
