Module 4

Question 1

Glycemic Response

Answer 1

Blood glucose response following eating certain foods.

Question 2

What is glucose tolerance?

Answer 2

A measure of a person’s ability to remove excess blood glucose following a meal.
Tolerance curve: higher basal while fasting, higher peak attained, delayed peak, blood glucose stay higher longer.

Question 3

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 3

Pancreas can’t produce insulin.
Need to take insulin (to stabilize glucose).
Genetic and environment factors (in utero/infancy)—> viral (autoimmune).

Question 4

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 4

Relatively linked to obesity and low physical activity.
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus: 95% diabetes cases, body cells become ‘resistant’ to insulin, treatment is exercise and dietary changes or medications to increase insulin sensitivity.
Genetic environment
Mainly obesity

Question 5

Regulating Blood Glucose Levels

Answer 5

1. When blood glucose drops: insulin decreases and glycogen increases.
2. Mobilizes: liver glycogen—> glucose (released into bloodstream)
3. Result: blood glucose increases to normal values.

Question 6

Insulin

Answer 6

Central to glucose metabolism.
Effects of Insulin: facilitate uptake of glucose from blood into cells, stimulate production of liver glycogen, blood glucose decreases to ‘normal’ levels (4.5-5.5)

Question 7

Glucose

Answer 7

Basic facts: found in foods only in small amounts. Main energy source for brain, CNS, RBC.