Module 4

Question 1

what are presumptive signs of pregnancy

Answer 1

• breast tenderness and fatigue, missed period

Question 2

what are probable signs of pregnancy

Answer 2

• positive test
• hegar’s sign (softening of uterine segment)
• ballottement

Question 3

positive signs of pregnancy

Answer 3

• hearing fetal heart
• ultrasound
• feeling fetal movement
  (HEARING, SEEING, FEELING)

Question 4

first trimester is:

Answer 4

• weeks 1-13
• US done around 8-12 weeks

Question 5

second trimester is:

Answer 5

weeks 14-26

Question 6

third trimester is:

Answer 6

weeks 27-40

Question 7

what does GTPAL stand for

Answer 7

• Gestation (how many pregnancies)
• Term births (37 weeks-41)
• Preterm births (20-36+6)
• Abortions (therapeutic/spontaneous)
• Living

Question 8

how many visits in the second trimester and what do they do?

Answer 8

• 4-6 weeks
• detailed ultrasound done around 18-20 weeks
• funds felt at umbilicus
• screened for gestational diabetes at 24-28 weeks

Question 9

how many visits during third trimester and plan of care

Answer 9

• 4-6 weeks up to 30 weeks
• 30-36 weeks visits increase every 2-3 weeks
• screened for group B strep at 35-37 weeks
• US only ordered for concerns

Question 10

what is assessed during each prenatal visit

Answer 10

• vitals, urine, weight gain, symphysis fundal height (after 20 weeks), assessment of adaptation to pregnancy

Question 11

vital changes

Answer 11

• BP slightly decreases
• HR increases 10-15

Question 13

urine screen tests for

Answer 13

• glucose and ketones (gestational hypertension)

Question 14

Leopold maneuver

Answer 14

• as pregnancy nears term
• this determines fetuses lie, presentation, and position

Question 15

what does Lie mean

Answer 15

• where the fetuses spine lies in relation to the moms spine

Question 16

what does presentation show

Answer 16

• part of the fetus that is in the pelvic inlet (head, breech, leg)

Question 17

what does position mean?

Answer 17

• the part of the presenting part of the fetus on relation to the 4 quadrants

Question 18

Assessment of fetal heart rate

Answer 18

• can be heard by 8 weeks and is developmentally complete
• FHR range 110-160
• is faster in early gestation due to maturing ANS and controlled by SNS
• affected by fetal behaviour (sleep=slower, movement = higher)

Question 19

fetal movement

Answer 19

• fetus moves early in first trimester but is not felt until at least weeks 16-20 (flutter)
• 26 weeks is when identifiable patterns are felt
• count 6 movements in 2 hours

Question 20

signs of impending labour

Answer 20

• nesting
• uterus sink downward (dropping), less SOB and heart burn but more frequent. pees
• SFH decreases
• low back aches, pelvic pressure, Braxton hocks
• mucus plug/bloody show

Question 21

what is pre-labour rupture of membranes at risk for

Answer 21

• cord prolapse and infection

Question 22

COAT

Answer 22

• when there is PROM
• ask colour (clear), odor (shouldn’t be any), Amount (gush or trickle), Time (when did it occur)

Question 23

preterm labour is considered when contractions start:

Answer 23

before 37 weeks gestation

Question 24

risk factors for pre-term labour

Answer 24

• infection
• smoking, drug use
• stress
• uterine abnormalities
• periodontal disease
• HTN disorders
• placental problems
• violence

Question 25

if pregnant women experience these symptoms before 37 weeks:

Answer 25

- menstrual cramps, pelvic pressure, dull back ache, aching thighs, regular contractions need immediate attention