what are the characteristics and effects of deliberate practice
- increasing performance
- long term gains
- not fun
- structured
what are the characteristics and effects of deliberate play
- intrinsic motivation
- immediate gratification
- enjoyment
- unsupervised
what should we practice
- information (preception)
- movement (action)
what should practice content reflect (environment)
the performance environment (representative learning)
how should the difficulty of practice be modified
to meet the demands of the task for the learner optimally
what are the three skill development and training stages
- coordination training (movement coordination)
- skill adaptability training (adapting and learning)
- performance training (performance optimisation)
what does an emerging research field suggest we should be doing post practice to consolidate learning
ideally REM sleep within 4-6 hours post practice
what % of NZ’ers agree being active is very important for physical health and what % for mental and emotional wellbeing
91% = physical health
88% = mental and emotional
motivation for physical activity comes from outcome ……… and ……….
outcome expectations and outcome realisation
what are the two outcome expectations and what are the influenced by
outcome expectations influenced by = when the outcomes will be achieved
- proximal = occur during or shortly after exercise
- distal = expected days or months after continued exercise
what are outcome realisations (3)
surprised pessimist = low expectations, high experienced outcomes
optimistic realist = high expectations, experienced outcomes
disappointed optimist = high expectations, low experienced outcomes
two types of motivation and their outcomes
autonomous motivation = physical activity adherence
controlled motivation = short term adoption of physical activity
how to build confidence for people trying to be physically active
- create accomplishments
- provide supportive feedback
- create situations where they can see others being successful
does exercise have to hurt to be worthwhile
no
what are common lab measurements for external forces, motion and muscle activity
ground reaction forces
linear and angular movements
joint torques / moments
what are common lab measurements for cardiovascular activity
- respiratory gases
- heart rate
what is force equal to
mass x acceleration
what do gyroscopes measure and where are they used
rates of rotation = used in smartphones
what does a photoplethysmography measure and how
indirect measure of heart rate, blood oxygen saturation
- light reflects of skin and measured by sensor
- heart rate inferred from blood flow through measured region
what are IMUs
they attach to limbs and can measure limb kinematics
what are the advantages to motion capture (IMUs)
- less expensive
- more ecologically valid
- less intrusive
- faster set up
what are the diadvantages to motion capture (IMUs)
- external forces not measured = can not calculate joint torques
- segment orientations difficult to dtermine
what are the advantages to using smart wearables
- give reasonably good indication of PA
- can increase physical activity in sedentary
- can be motivating
- document and measure your experiences
what are the diadvantages to using smart wearables
- can be expensive
- can lead to extrinsic motivation
- beholden to device
