1
Q
What services are provided by the Internet Layer?
A
- Unique network addressing scheme to identify nodes (hosts or routers) globally
- Mechanisms for path determination
- End-to-End forwarding of datagrams
2
Q
What are the IP Address Types?
A
- Unicast: Single Device (host or router) intended as the receiver
- Anycast: Special case in which the same unicast address is assigned to multiple devices
- Multicast: Multiple hosts intended as receivers
- Broadcast: All hosts and routers connected to a subnet intended as receiver (IPv4 Only)
Note: IPv6 does not define broadcast addresses. Instead uses link-local multicast addressing
3
Q
Choosing a subnet prefix length
A
- Based on the number of hosts required in a given subnet
- round up to the next highest power of two, minus the two reserved addresses
- Resulting exponent is the required bit length of the host component
# Hosts Req: 10, 2^4-2 = 14. Hosts bits = 4 Prefix Length = 32-4 = /28
4
Q
What are the steps to implement router summarization?
A
- Define the octet that will be manipulated by the summarization
- identify the original network prefix
- look to the left of the prefix line and identify the area where all of the addresses have the same bit pattern. Draw a line down that portion
- Look between those two lines and ensure all possible bit patterns are contained between the two lines. If so, then the route summarization can occur at that prefix.
