a. Simple machine
a device that either multiplies or redirects a force
b. Force:
a push or pull exerted on an object in an effort to change that object’s velocity
c. Mechanical advantage
the amount by which force or motion is magnified in a simple machine
d. Diameter:
the length of a straight line that travels from one side of a circle to another and passes through the center of the circle
e. Circumference:
the distance around a circle,
- How is applied science different from science?
Motive, applied science, the goal is to make something better, in science, the goal is simply to learn.
- What gives rise to technology?
Technology can result from accident, science, or applied science
- Identify each of the following as a science experiment or an applied science experiment:
a. An experiment to determine how to make electronic circuits smaller
b. An experiment to understand what factors affect how electricity runs in an electronic circuit.
c. An experiment to figure out how to reduce electronic noise in an electronic circuit
d. An experiment to figure out the speed of electrons as they flow through aAn electronic circuit
A and C are applied Science experiments, because the goal is to make something better, experiments B and D are science experiments, because the goal is to learn something
- Which of the following would be considered technology?
a. A classification scheme for all animals
b. A vaccination that will keep all animals from contracting the flu
c. A new diet for dogs that will lead to longer life
d. An understanding of what causes urinary tract infections in cats
B and C are technology, A and D are just pieces of information
- List the six types of simple machines.
The lever, the pulley, the wheel and axle, the inclined plane, the wedge, and the screw.
- Which two simple machines look identical?
The inclined plane, and the single wedge
- What is the mechanical advantage of a first class lever in which the fulcrum is 1 inches from the resistance and 40 inches from the effort?
The for levers, the mechanical advantage equations is (distance from fulcrum to effort) devided (distance from fulcrum to resistance)
- What does the mechanical advantage in problem #8 mean?
The mechanical advantage means that the effort is magnified by 4
- A shovel is an example of a lever. To what class does it belong?
Third class lever
- A child’s see saw is a lever. To what class does it belong?
First class lever
- What is the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle when the wheel has a diameter of 15 inches and the axle has a diameter of 3 inches?
The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axel = (diamerter of the wheel) devided (diameter of the axel)
- If a person turned the wheel of the wheel and axel in problem #12, what would the mechanical advantage do?
The applied force will be magnified 5 times
- If a person turned the wheel in problem #12 , what would the mechanical advantage do?
The wheel will move at 5 times the speed of the axel.
- A block and tackle is composed of six pulleys that all work together. What is the mechanical advantage of the block and tackle system?
The mechanical advantage of a block and tackle is simply the number of pullyes that work together.
- Using the block and tackle system in problem #15, how many feet of rope would have to be pulled of a person wanted to life a load 1 foot
6 feet
- What is the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane with a slope of 6 feet and a height of 2 feet?
The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is given by: (length of slope) devided (height)
- What is the mechanical advantage of a wedge with the same demensions as the inclined plane in problem #17
The same procces as inclined plane
- A screw with a pitch of 0.1 inches is turned with a screwdriver whose diameter is 2 inches. What is the mechanical advantage?
(Screwdriver circumference) times (diameter)
- If you are having a hard time turning a screw, should you get a longer screw driver or a fatter one?
Fatter screw driver
