Nowadays, what kinds of skills are employers looking for in employees?
- Flexibility
- Adaptability
- Innovation
- Resilience
Due to technological advances, work roles have changed from being ____ to ____ ?
Technical to monitory
In what ways have companies tried to make themselves more attractive to potential employees?
- Introducing family-friendly policies
- Promoting career development opportunities
What 3 things hallmarked the 1980s?
- Organisational downsizing
- Redundancies
- More complex operations
What is one societal change that has influenced the nature of work in recent times?
Ageing population
What does Simon Moss spend most of his time at work doing?
Dealing with bullying within organisations
According to Simon Moss, what is the main cause behind interpersonal issues within organisations?
Rather than it being about individual problems such as narcissism, these difficulties are usually due to general feelings of uncertainty about job roles, security etc, within the workplace environment.
Ie. the environment is as much to blame as the individuals
According to Simon Moss, what helps individuals flourish most within organisations?
When they have a clear vision of the future
What are the characteristics of good visions of the future for organisations?
- Consistent with past achievements of the organisation, not something revolutionary
- The vision should align with employees’ values (clench left fist)
- Don’t change the vision too quickly - bring it in gradually after 1-2 years after new leader starts
- Unique vision to the organisation
What are some of the positive forces of diversity?
- Increased job satisfaction amongst staff leading to reduced costs associated with recruitment
- Enhanced customer relations through meeting the needs of diverse customers
- Enhanced organisational creativity, flexibility, and innovation
- Sustainable development and business advantages
What are some of the negative forces of diversity?
- Diminished cultural relatedness among employees
- The need for financial support to support flexibility where it doesn’t occur naturally
- Workplace harmony being jeopardised when there is conflict
- Potential for conflict between organisations
What is one of the negative impacts of globalisation on organisations?
Events in one country impact events in another eg: 2008 GFC
What are some of the things that separate bullying from other forms of workplace conflict?
- Repeated over a long period of time
- Perception of being bullied
- Negative consequences experienced
- Power imbalance
What are some specific ways bullying can occur in the workplace?
- Being given unreasonable deadlines
- Receiving persistent and undue criticism
- Rumours and gossip spread about them
- Social isolation
- Physical and verbal abuse
What are some personality factors that may contribute to bullying victimhood?
- High conscientiousness
- High neuroticism
- Low extraversion
- Low assertiveness
In Aquino and Lamertz (2004), what are the 4 roles they talk about?
- Provocative victim
- Submissive victim
- Domineering perpetrator
- Reactive perpetrator
What are the 2 types of victimisation Aquni and Lamertz (2004) talk about?
Episodic and institutionalised
What type of triggers happen in episodic cases of victimisation? What type of triggers happen in institutionalised?
Episodic = exogenous triggers Institutionalised = endogenous triggers
What is the main difference between episodic and institutionalised victimisation?
Institutionalised is when the victimisation is a defining characteristic of the relationship, episodic is when it’s not
What levels of victimisation would you see between a dominating perpetrator and submissive victim?
High institutionalised
Low episodic
What levels of victimisation would you see between a dominating perpetrator and provocative victim?
Low institutionalised
High episodic
What levels of victimisation would you see between a reactive perpetrator and submissive victim?
No significant levels of institutionalised or episodic victimisation
What levels of victimisation would you see between a reactive perpetrator and provocative victim?
High institutionalised
Low episodic
What are the organisational factors discussed by Aquino and Lamertz (2004) that may moderate whether victimisation occurs?
- Dyadic social power
- Access to social capital (3rd party actors, central role)
- Organisational culture (norms supporting punitive measures, norms supporting incivility and rude behaviour)
