Module 6 Pulmonary

Question 1

A child is more susceptible to ________, __________, and ________.

Answer 1

airway obstruction, aspiration, and infection.

Question 2

What are some pediatric considerations regarding lung function?

Answer 2

1. Airways are smaller
2. More mucous producing glands
3. Large volume of dead space- requires faster breathing to meet O2 demands.
4. Flexible ribcage does not adequately support lungs, because there is less elastic recoil.
5. Depends on diaphragm and abdomen for ventilation
6. Higher respiratory rate as compenstation for increased workload of breathing.
7. Lungs fully developed by age 8 and more adult like.
   7.

Question 3

What are some geriatric considerations in lung function?

Answer 3

1. Increased work.
2. Reduction in elastin and increase in collagen
3. Stiffer chest wall due to calcification.
4. Decreased muscle strenght in chest and diaphragm.
5. Increased mucous, cilia loss, alveolar enlargement, rduced cough effectiveness6. Lowered diffusion capactiy and decreqased gas exchange.

Question 4

Define hypoxemia

Answer 4

Deficient blood oxygen

Question 5

Define hypoxia

Answer 5

Decrease in tissue oxygenation

Question 6

What causes COPD ventilator failure

Answer 6

Airway resistance related to plugging, mucosal hypertrophy or edema, loss of structural integrity of airway, airway narrowing due to hyperactivity.