MODULE 7 PART 6: GIT DS. - VOMITING

Question 1

Define vomiting.

Answer 1

Reflex that involves forceful expulsion of gastric contents and is crucial for diagnosing underlying ds.

Question 2

Vomiting center is in the ?

Answer 2

Medulla

Question 3

The vomiting center can be stimulated by various factors such as ?

Answer 3

• Direct stimulation - increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure
• Secondary stimulation of the CTZ (drugs, acidosis)
• Secondary stimulation of peripheral receptors in GIT and other organs
• Various toxins and medications

Question 4

Assess other body systems historically to identify any metabolic causes for vomiting. Important signs may consist of ?

Answer 4

• PU/PD
• Weight loss
• Fever
• Recent estrus

Question 5

How do you do HX and PEX for vomiting?

Answer 5

• Assess other body systems historically
• Document the timing of the vomiting
• Analyze the characteristics of the vomitus (blood, volume, color, odor)
• Conduct a comprehensive physical examination
• Abdominal palpation

Question 6

Vomitus resembling coffee grounds indicate ?

Answer 6

Gastric ulceration

Question 7

Bile-stained vomitus or undigested food appearing 6 to 8 hours post-meal suggests a ?

Answer 7

Gastric emptying disorder

Question 8

What are the laboratory parameters that should be examined in the case of vomition?

Answer 8

• High PCV = hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
• High PCV + High TPP = hypovolemic dehydration
• Leukopenia = feline panleukopenia/canine parvovirus
• Leukococytosis = inflammatory vomiting

Question 9

Serum amylase and lipase aids in ?

Answer 9

Dx. pancreatitis in dogs; limited use in cats

Question 10

Serum biochem is used to rule in what cause of vomition?

Answer 10

Metabolic vomiting —> hyperadrenocorticism, renal failure, liver ds.

Question 11

Fecal exam detects?

Answer 11

GIT parasites (Nanophyetus salmincola, Ollulanus tricuspis)

Question 12

Proximal obstructive GIT ds. typically cause vomiting shortly after eating, unlike obstructions located further down the GI tract. True or False?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

How do you tx. vomiting?

Answer 13

• Surgical intervention
• Fluid and electrolyte management
• Conservative therapy
• Antiemetics (phenothiazines, metoclopramide, adsorbents
  —— Avoid anticholinergics