Module 9 Exam 2 (part 2)

Question 1

what are the major endocrine glands

Answer 1

pineal, hypothalmus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, thymus, pancreas, adrenals, and gonads

Question 2

What is the master gland and why is it called that

Answer 2

anterior pituitary, regulates output of hormones by other glands

Question 3

What are the 3 stages of adolescence

Answer 3

early ages 10-13
middle ages 14-17
late ages 18-21

Question 4

What age group has the highest incidence of caries than any other age group

Answer 4

adolescence

Question 5

what is the high caries rate in adolesence related to?

Answer 5

eating habits, frequency, demands of rapid growth, emotional issues, peer pressures, cariogenic foods selected

Question 6

what should we know about biofilm induced gingivitis during puberty

Answer 6

• incidence and severity may increase

- exaggerated response to biofilm

Question 7

what are risk factors for periodontitis is adolescents

Answer 7

• supra and sub calc
• untreated caries
• ortho appliances
• OH
• infrequent/inadequeate DH care
• use of tobacco
• systemic diseases
• geneitc factors
• host immune factors

Question 8

periodontal diseases in adolescents may be classified as

Answer 8

chronic or agressive

Question 9

Loss of perio attachment and supporting bone is evident in how many adolesents in the world

Answer 9

5 to 47%

Question 10

What are LAP and GAP caused by

Answer 10

both have a familial tendency and may have neutrophil dysfunction with a compromised immune response

Question 11

What is Localized Aggressive Periodontitis

Answer 11

severe bone loss involving the first permanent molars and incisors, with proximal surface attachment loss on at least 2 permanent teeth

Question 12

when is LAP first diagnosed

Answer 12

in the circupubertal years

Question 13

What is the pathogenic microorganism of etiologic importance in LAP

Answer 13

actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (AA)

Question 14

What is Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis

Answer 14

generalized proximal surface attachment loss affecting at least 3 permanent teeth other than the first molars and incisors

Question 15

who does GAP occur in

Answer 15

persons under 30 years of age

Question 16

What should an adolescent patient be educated on with dental biofilm control

Answer 16

• causes and prevention of dental caries
• effects of biofilm accumulation
• purposes of professional calc removal
• daily self care and its relation to oral tissue health

Question 17

what should be included in a total caries control program in dental biofilm control

Answer 17

-educated about fluoride and need to restrict cariogenic foods

Question 18

Is a fluoride tx program recommended for adolescents

Answer 18

yes, especially if they have not had the benefit of a fluoride water supply

Question 19

How can a dietary assessment help adolescents?

Answer 19

it can provide an important learning experience, put responsibility on adolescent

Question 20

What kinds of dietary suggestion can be given to adolescents?

Answer 20

• advise foods from the MyPlate
• emphasize a nutritious breakfast
• snack selection (nutritious foods, with recognition of cariogenic foods)
• suggest reading labels (become aware of serving size and nutrition

Question 21

what are the contraindications for contraceptives

Answer 21

• circulatory problems
• liver disease
• cancer of breast
• severe migraine headaches
• pregnancy or lactation

Question 22

what are the side effects of contraception related to

Answer 22

incorrect use of the drug rather than hormonal effects

Question 23

What are some side effects that occur in some women o contraceptives

Answer 23

visual problems, mental depression, rashes, bleeding irregularity

Question 24

What are the most significant side effects of contraceptives?

Answer 24

• cardiovascular
• weight gain
• decreased effectiveness when certain drugs are used including antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and rifampin

Question 25

What is the effect on the gingiva of oral contraceptives

Answer 25

-exaggerated response to dental biofilm and other local irritants

Question 26

What are some appointment considerations with a patient on contraceptives

Answer 26

- potential oral side effects of conraceptives | - need for exceptional personal care and regular maintenance appts to prevent complications

Question 27

What are gingival concerns in a patient with menopause

Answer 27

- exaggerated response to biofilm - hormonal changes influence oral tissue response - menopausal gingivostomatitis may develop

Question 28

how may the gingival tissues appear in someone with menopause

Answer 28

-shiny and may vary in color from paleness to redness, dryness with burning may be present, burning mouth syndrome

Question 29

what may cause altered salivary composition in patients with menopause

Answer 29

psychological stress

Question 30

What may happen to the epithelium in a patient experiencing menopause

Answer 30

may become thin, and atrophic with decreased keratinization

Question 31

A patient with menopause will not have an alteration in taste perception

Answer 31

False, it is possible

Question 32

what can contribute to adverse changes of mucosal tissues in a person with menopause

Answer 32

inadequate diet and eating habits

Question 33

what can happen as a result of systemic osteoporosis in a patient with menopause

Answer 33

alveolar bone loss, ridge resorbtion and loss of teeth can occur

Question 34

Should you emphasize to the patient the specific relationship between menopause and oral health

Answer 34

no, just emphasize oral care measures

Question 35

What should be kept in mind when planning the appointments for a menopausal patient

Answer 35

- the symptoms of physical and emotional changes | - may need to adjust the temperature of the room

Question 36

When instructing a patient who is in the menopause stage of their life what should you counsel them on

Answer 36

- saliva substitute may be needed - measures for prevention of perio infections explained - emphasize reasons for freq calc removal - explain relationship between general and oral health

Question 37

what dietary recommendations are suggested for a menopausal patient

Answer 37

-whole grains, veggies, fruits,foods low in fat and cholesterol, Calcium to keep bones strong

Question 38

Is fluoride recommended for menopausal patients

Answer 38

it is based on the assessment of patients caries risk status