Module 9: Forensic DNA Analysis

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

• packed into chromosomes inside cells
• phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base ( adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine)

Question 2

Who discovered that portions of a person’s DNA sequence are unique to that person and can be used for ID. DNA fingerprinting.

Answer 2

Sir Alec Jeffreys et al

Question 3

What portion?

Answer 3

Short Tandem Repeat - contain sequence of letters that are repeated numerous times
- ~3% of the human genome
- act as fillers/ spaces between the coding regions of the DNA
- inherited from parents

Question 4

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms

Answer 4

Use restriction enzymes

Question 5

Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)

Answer 5

FBI database for DNA of convicted, unsolved crime-scene evidence, and profiles oof missing people

Question 6

How many loci sites are tested for matching DNA?

Answer 6

13

Question 7

True or False
Identical twins will have matching 13 loci.

Answer 7

True. While only 1 in 1 billion for not.

Question 8

Methods in Forensic DNA Analysis

Answer 8

• PCR

Question 9

Sources of DNA samples

Answer 9

• saliva
• buccal swabs
• blood
• semen
• sweat
• hair
• skin
• other tissues

Question 10

Application of FDNA Analysis

Answer 10

• solving crimes
• missing persons cases
• exoneration
• victim identificaion in mass casualty incidents
• wildlife forensics

Question 11

Challenges in FDNA Analysis

Answer 11

• contamination
• sample quality (degradation)
• interpretation (sample mixture)

Question 12

FDNA Analysis in the PH

Answer 12

• rules on DNA evidence approved on Oct 15, 2007
• RA No. 9255 - DNA evidence for paternity