Molecular Representations

Question 1

Partially Condensed Structures

Answer 1

A drawing style in which the CH bonds are not drawn explicitly, but other bonds are drawn

Question 2

Condensed Structures

Answer 2

A drawing style in which none of the bonds are drawn. Groups of atoms are clustered together when possible. For example, isopropanol has two CH3 groups, both of which are connected to the central carbon atom, shown like this: (CH3)2CHOH

Question 3

Functional Group

Answer 3

A characteristic group of atoms/bonds that possess a predictable chemical behavior

Question 4

Wedge

Answer 4

In bond-line structures, a group in front of the page

Question 5

Dash

Answer 5

In bond-line structures, a group going behind the page

Question 6

Fischer Projections

Answer 6

A drawing style that is often used when dealing with compounds bearing multiple chiral centers, especially for carbohydrates

Question 7

Haworth Projections

Answer 7

For substituted cycloalkanes, a drawing style used to clearly identify which groups are above the ring and which groups are below the ring

Question 8

Resonance

Answer 8

A method that chemists use to deal with the inadequacy of bond-line drawings

Question 9

Resonance Structures

Answer 9

A series of structures that are melded together (conceptually) to circumvent the inadequacies of bond-line drawings

Question 10

Resonance Hybrid

Answer 10

A term used to describe the character of a chemical entity (molecule, ion, or radical) exhibiting more than one significant resonance structure

Question 11

Delocalization

Answer 11

The spreading of a charge or lone pair as described by resonance theory

Question 12

Resonance Stabilization

Answer 12

The stabilization associated with the delocalization of electrons via resonance

Question 13

Curved Arrows

Answer 13

Tools that are used for drawing resonance structures and for showing the flow of electron density during each step of a reaction mechanism

Question 14

Vinylic

Answer 14

The carbon atoms of a carbon-carbon double bond

Question 15

Allylic

Answer 15

The positions that are adjacent to the vinylic positions of a carbon-carbon double bond

Question 16

Conjugated

Answer 16

A compound in which two pi bonds are separated from each other by exactly one sigma bond

Question 17

Delocalized Lone Pair

Answer 17

A lone pair or charge that is participating in resonance

Question 18

Localized Lone Pair

Answer 18

A lone pair that is not participating in resonance