What is hypoxemia?
(Inadequate oxygenation of arterial blood; PaO2 < 80 mmHg)
How can hypoxemia be measured?
(Arterial blood gas and/or pulse oximetry)
(T/F) Cyanosis is a late/severe sign of hypoxemia.
(T, for cyanosis to be present it requires the presence of a significant amount of deoxyHb, anemic patients may even die before they ever become cyanotic)
What is indicated by a PaCO2 value of > 45 mmHg?
(Hypoventilation)
When is a venous blood gas not reliable for evaluation of appropriate ventilation?
(When there is compromised tissue perfusion)
When is end tidal CO2 not reliable for evaluation of appropriate ventilation?
(During CPR or if there is a pulmonary embolism)