Distance
the measurement of the space between two points, which can be a physical length, a period of time, or an abstract separation
Displacement
the moving of something from its place or position.
Speed
the speed of an object is the magnitude of the change of its position over time
Average Speed
the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken
Instantaneous speed
the speed of an object at a specific, particular moment in time
Velocity
a measure of both an object’s speed and its direction of motion
Acceleration
the rate at which an object’s velocity changes
Force
the product of an object’s mass and its acceleration
Net Force
the total force acting on an object, found by vectorially adding all individual forces
Balanced Force
two or more equal forces acting in opposite directions, which cancel each other out and result in a net force of zero
Inertia
the resistance of an object to a change in its state of motion
Newtons second law of motion
the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass
Friction
the force that resists the relative motion of surfaces in contact
Static Friction
the force that opposes the attempted relative motion between two surfaces in contact that are not yet sliding
Sliding Friction
the force that opposes motion when two solid surfaces slide against each other
Air Resistance
the force that opposes motion when two solid surfaces slide against each other
Gravity
the fundamental force of attraction between all objects with mass or energy
Weight
a measure of an object’s heaviness, often defined as the force of gravity on a body’s mass
Centripetal acceleration
the acceleration experienced by an object moving in a circular path, always pointing toward the center of the circle and perpendicular to the object’s velocity
Centripetal Force
a force that acts on a body moving in a circular path and is directed toward the center around which the body is moving
Newtons third law of motion
for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
momentum
the quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity.
