Motion by Second

Question 1

Commonly connects functional areas in phrases

Answer 1

• I-ii (i-iio) connects tonic to predominant
• IV-V (iv-V) connects predominant to dominant
• I-viio (i-viio) connects tonic to dominant
• viio-I (viio-i) connects the dominant substitue to tonic
• V-vi (V-VI) connects dominant to tonic substitute

Question 2

motion by second

Answer 2

• root motion by second connects two chords that have NO pitches in common
• all voices will move to a new pitch… the big problem for common-practice is the risk of parallel fifths and octaves
• • solving the voice leading is simple, contrary motion between the root and upper voices. inversion also helps
• chains of ascending or descending seconds are not common… there are constant uses of both of these in every piece of music but not in chains

Question 3

root movement by second is more commonly observed ascending rather than descending

Answer 3

• true

Question 4

root motion by second connects chords with _____ notes in common

Answer 4

• 0

Question 5

the most common voice-leading problem created by root movement by second is ____ _____

Answer 5

• parallel fifths

Question 6

the best way to avoid bad voice leading when moving by second is to employ ______ motion between the root and the other chord members

Answer 6

• contrary

Question 7

which of the following is root motion by second

Answer 7

• I to ii

- IV to V