MOTION (forces)

Question 1

complete the equation for distance

Distance =

Answer 1

Distance = speed x time

Question 2

How do you find the average speed of the graph for the full journey?

Answer 2

average speed = total distance ÷ total time

Question 3

complete the symbol equation for distance

s =

Answer 3

s = v x t

Question 4

Give the units for
a. Distance
b. Speed
c. Time

Answer 4

a. meters (m)
b. meters per second (m/s)
c. Seconds (s)

Question 5

Give the typical speed (m/s) of these methods of travel

a. Walking
b. Running
c. Cycling

Answer 5

a. 1.5
b. 3
c. 6

Question 6

What method should you follow when solving calculations

Answer 6

E-equation
S- substitution
A - answer
U - units

Note:

• ensure you have converted all units before using this

-substitute then rearrange

Question 7

(Complete working out on paper):
convert 22km/min into m/s

Answer 7

366.67 m/s

(rounded 2 dp)

• look at working out in notes !

Question 8

Name 4 factors that affect the speed of which a person can walk

Answer 8

-Distance travelled
-Age
-Fitness
-Terrain

(DAFT)

Question 9

What is meant by instantaneous speed?

Answer 9

the speed of an object at a specific moment in time

Question 10

(trolley down ramp)
Explain why the initial, average and final speed are different

Answer 10

The trolley is accelerating

Question 11

what is the symbol for :

a. initial velocity
b.final velocity

Answer 11

a. u
b. v

Question 12

What is the typical value for the speed of sound in air?

Answer 12

330 m/s

NOTE:
330 m/s is at 0°C
it is 340 m/s at room temperature

Question 13

name 2 pieces of equipment used to find the speed at a particular point

Answer 13

• light gates
  -interrupter cards

Question 14

equation for :

speed through the gate =

Answer 14

speed through the gate =

time blocking the light

Question 15

DEFINE:

Scalar

Answer 15

a quantity that only has a magnitude (size)

Question 16

DEFINE:

Vector

Answer 16

a quantity that has both magnitude and direction

Question 17

For each decide whether it is a scalar or vector

a. Weight
b . temperature
c. density
d. acceleration
e. force
f, displacement

Answer 17

a. Weight - V
b . temperature - S
c. density - S
d. acceleration - V
e. force - V
f, displacement - V

NOTE:
Velocity is a vector, so acceleration (which shows how velocity changes) is also a vector; writing just 50 m/s² gives only the size, but technically acceleration always has a direction, even if GCSE questions often let you omit it.

Question 18

What are distance time graphs?

Answer 18

a graphical representation of an object’s movement over time

Question 19

What do the following represent on a distance- time graph?

A. straight diagonal line
B. horizontal line
C. a line getting steeper
D. a line getting shallower

Answer 19

A. straight diagonal line - CONSTANT SPEED
B. horizontal line- STATIONARY
C. a line getting steeper- ACCELERATING
D. a line getting shallower- DECELERATING

Question 20

How do we remember prefixes?

Answer 20

Great Mighty Kings Make Mighty Noodles

note e.g 500 GB to MB

convert GB to Bytes ( 500 000 000 000) now it is bytes to MB so it will get smaller so divide by prefix

ANSWER = 500 000 MB

Question 21

What does the prefix G stand for and what is the standard form for it?

b) repeat for these

1. M
2. k
   3.m
3. μ
   5.n

Answer 21

G —–> Giga
- x 10⁹

M - Mega
-x 10⁶

k- kilo
- x 10³

m- mili
- x 10⁻³

μ- micro
-x 10⁻⁶

n - nano
- x 10⁻⁹

Question 22

Define:
Acceleration

Answer 22

the rate of change of velocity

Question 23

what’s the equation for acceleration

Answer 23

a= v- u
——-
t

Question 24

Give the units for:

acceleration
final velocity
initial velocity
time

Answer 24

acceleration - m/s²
final velocity - m/s
initial velocity - m/s
time - s

Question 25

how can you tell that when acceleration is actually deceleration?

Answer 25

it is negative

Question 26

To find average acceleration you need: 2........... and 2 different.......

Answer 26

2 SPEEDS and 2 different TIMES extra: You need two different speeds and times because average acceleration measures how much velocity changes over a period of time, so you need a starting and ending value to calculate the change.

Question 27

During the experiment , how would you find average acceleration

Answer 27

velocity at second gate- velocity at first gate -------------------------------------- time it takes to travel between the two light gates

Question 28

Define: DISTANCE B) Is it a scalar or vector quantity?

Answer 28

DISTANCE - In total, how far an object has travelled, regardless of direction B) scalar

Question 29

suggest a reason why a runner's displacement is less than the total distance that she has travelled

Answer 29

- took an indirect (non linear ) route - did not travel in a straight line ( same as first answer) -displacement is the SHORTEST straight (linear) line distance from start to finish with direction

Question 30

Define : DISPLACEMENT B) Is it a SCALAR or VECTOR quantity

Answer 30

Shortest straight-line distance from start to finish with direction B) Vector

Question 31

QUESTION: You walk 8km North then 5km south What is the : a) DISTANCE b) DISPLACEMENT

Answer 31

A) DISTANCE =13km B) DISPLACEMENT = 3km North NOTE: if e.g. it was North then East , join the lines and do Pythagoras' theorem

Question 32

Define : SPEED

Answer 32

SPEED - how fast an object is moving regardless of direction

Question 33

Define : VELOCITY

Answer 33

VELOCITY - how fast an object is moving in a specific direction

Question 34

When an object is moving in a circle , and maintains a constant speed does its velocity CHANGE?

Answer 34

Yes — velocity changes because velocity is a vector quantity meaning it has both size (magnitude) and direction. If direction changes ,velocity will change ,even if speed stays constant

Question 35

What do velocity time graphs represent?

Answer 35

Velocity time graphs represent an object's changing velocity over a journey

Question 36

What can velocity time graphs be used to work out? (2)

Answer 36

1. Acceleration (from the gradient) 2. Distance ( area under graph line)

Question 37

What do the following show on VELOCITY- TIME graph? a. A horizontal line b. A horizontal line below the one in a c. straight diagonal upwards d. straight diagonal downwards e. a horizontal line that then becomes sloping downwards

Answer 37

a. A horizontal line - CONSTANT VELOCITY b. A horizontal line below the one in a - SLOWER CONSTANT VELOCITY c. straight diagonal upwards - CONSTANT ACCELERATION d. straight diagonal downwards- CONSTANT DECELERATION e. a horizontal line that then becomes sloping downwards - STARTS WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY THEN BEGINS TO DECELERATE AT A CONSTANT RATE

Question 38

GAP FILL: The steeper the line the greater the........... or............

Answer 38

The steeper the line the greater the ACCELERATION or DECELERATION NOTE: only for velocity - time graphs

Question 39

Explain what the GRADIENT represents in the following: a) Distance- time graph b) Velocity- time graph

Answer 39

a) Distance–time graph: Gradient = SPEED Steeper line → more distance covered in less time → higher speed b) b) Velocity–time graph: Gradient = ACCELERATION Steeper line → velocity changes faster → greater acceleration

Question 40

What is the difference between distance and displacement

Answer 40

Distance is how far an object has travelled in total, ignoring direction, while displacement is the straight-line distance from the starting point to the ending point, including direction. - distance is a scalar quantity - displacement is a vector quantity

Question 41

Define: DECELERATION

Answer 41

Deceleration is a negative acceleration that causes an object to slow down.