motor control introduction

Question 1

types of movements

Answer 1

• reflexive
• voluntary
• rhythmical

Question 2

reflexive

Answer 2

• automatic or involuntary response to a stimulus

Question 3

voluntary (volitional)

Answer 3

• intentional, goal directed

- most complex movements

Question 4

rhythmical

Answer 4

• combination of voluntary and reflexive

- stereotypical cycles repeated automatically

Question 5

what is a constraint

Answer 5

• something that restricts the way a system works

- EX: physical body limitations

Question 6

each muscle fibre is innervated by a single ______

Answer 6

alpha motor neuron

Question 7

each motor neuron innervates more than one _______

Answer 7

muscle fibre

Question 8

alpha motor neuron (lower motor neuron) goes from _____ to _______

Answer 8

spinal cord to the muscle

Question 9

dendrites _____ motor information

Answer 9

receive

Question 10

dendrites are located in the ____ part of the _____ _____

Answer 10

ventral (front) part of the spinal cord

Question 11

axon hillock

Answer 11

where cell body and axon meet

Question 12

if action potential does not reach the muscle fibres they stay in a ______ _____

Answer 12

relaxed state

Question 13

a motor unit contains:

Answer 13

• a single alpha motor neuron and all of the extrafusal muscle fibres it innervates
• same muscle fibre type

Question 14

innervation ratio (innervation number)

Answer 14

• average number of muscle fibres innervated by a single (typical) alpha motor neuron

Question 15

larger innervation ratio

Answer 15

larger muscles

Question 16

smaller innervation ratio

Answer 16

smaller muscles