MTB 1

Question 1

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns day 1?

Answer 1

Chemical irritation

Question 2

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns days 2-7?

Answer 2

Neisseria Gonorrhea

Question 3

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns 7-20 days?

Answer 3

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 4

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns more than 21 days?

Answer 4

HSV

Question 5

How does HSV Keratitis present?

Answer 5

Pain
photophobia
decreased vision
dendritic ulcer
Minute clear vesicles in corneal epithelium

Question 6

What is the tx for Neisseria G. conjunctivitis in NB?

Answer 6

IV/IM Cefrtiaxone or Cefoxamine

Question 7

Complication that arises from Neisseria conjunctivitis in NB?

Answer 7

Corneal perforation

Permanent blindness

Question 8

What is the tx for chlamidya trachomatis conjunctivitis?

Answer 8

Oral Erythromycin

Question 9

What is the cause of worldwide blindness?

Answer 9

Trachoma

-Serotypes A-C

Question 10

4 YO immigrant boy presents w conjunctivitis

Answer 10

Trachoma

Question 11

Tx for trachoma

Answer 11

topical tetracycline

oral azithromycin

Question 12

What do you see in trachoma in the active phase?

Answer 12

Follicular conjunctivitis

Pannus (neovascularization) in cornea

Question 13

How does a neonate with Vit K deficiency present?

Answer 13

Bleeding from GI tract, belly button, urinary tract

Hemorrhagic dz of NB

Question 14

What is Ppx tx for Vit K Def?

Answer 14

1 IM dose of Vit K

Question 15

What is the most common test for PKU?

Answer 15

1. Blood for Phenylalanine

2. Guthrie test - qualitative test (coloration)

Question 16

What does the Guthrie test detect?

Answer 16

Presence of metabolic products of phenylalanine in urine

Question 17

When do we vaccinate pre term babies? CA or GA?

Answer 17

Chronological Age Unless wt is < 2 kg - Can’t do Hep B

Question 18

Which children get Hep B vaccine?

Answer 18

All

Question 19

Which children get Hep B Ig (HBIG)?

Answer 19

Children w HBsAg-positive mothers

Question 20

When will we see increased circulating RBCs in NB?

Answer 20

Transient polycythemia of NB

- Hypoxia during delivery stimulates EPO -> Increased RBCs

Question 21

How does NB’s Hb normalize after transient hypoxia?

Answer 21

NB’s first breath increases O2, dropping EPO, normalizing

Question 22

Is splenomegaly pathologic in NBs?

Answer 22

No. It is normal

Question 23

What aids in removing fluid from lungs during delivery?

Answer 23

Compression of rib cage when passing thru mother’s vaginal canal.
C-section NBs may have excess fluid and be hypoxic

Question 24

When is tachypnea considered sepsis in NB?

Answer 24

When it lasts more than 4 hours

Question 25

Sepsis in NB workup

Answer 25

Blood and urine cultures

Question 26

When is vaginal spotting/bleeding in female infant normal? Why does it occur?

Answer 26

Less than 3 months b/c of maternal estrogen crosses placenta, entering fetal circulation before birth causing a pubertal effect in NB. Disappears once hormone has been cleared

Question 27

Why do we see transient hyperbilirubinemia in NB?

Answer 27

Infant's spleen removing excess RBCs that carry HbF | Excess breakdown of RBCs -> physiological release of Hb -> rise in BR

Question 28

Caput succedaneum

Answer 28

Swelling of soft tissues of scalp that do cross suture lines

Question 29

Cephalohematoma

Answer 29

Subperiosteal hemorrhage that do NOT cross suture lines

Question 30

MC skull fx in NB?

Answer 30

Linear

Question 31

Most fatal skull fx in NB?

Answer 31

Basilar

Question 32

What is shoulder dystocia of NB?

Answer 32

After delivery of fetal head, anterior shoulder gets stuck behind pubic bone

Question 33

How does Erb Duchenne Palsy present?

Answer 33

Unable to abduct shoulder or externally rotate or supinate arm

Question 34

What part of brachial plexus does Erb Duchene affect?

Answer 34

C5-C6

Question 35

Tx for Erb Duchenne?

Answer 35

Immobilization

Question 36

What is Klumpke paralysis? How does it present?

Answer 36

C7-C8/T1 injury Claw hand - lack of grasp reflex Paralyzed hand w/Horners

Question 37

Tx for Klumpkes?

Answer 37

Immobilization

Question 38

Best Dx test for Clavicular Fx in NB?

Answer 38

Xray

Question 39

Tx for Clavicular Fx in NB?

Answer 39

Immobilization Splinting PT

Question 40

Tx for Clavicular Fx in preterm breast fed NB?

Answer 40

First 6 mos = supplement w Vit D and Iron until 1 yoa

Question 41

What palsy is ass'd with forceps delivery?

Answer 41

Facial N palsy

Question 42

How much of amniotic fluid is made by mom? By baby?

Answer 42

80% mothers plasma | 20% baby swallows, absorbs, filters, urinates

Question 43

What are causes of polyhydramnios?

Answer 43

Neuro: Werdnig-Hoffman = infant unable to swallow GI: Intestinal Atresi

Question 44

What are causes of oligohydramnios?

Answer 44

Prune belly = lack of abdominal muscles, can't bear down and urinate Renal agenesis = Potter syndrome Flat facies due to high atmospheric pressure = compresses fetus

Question 45

What is the tx of prune belly?

Answer 45

Serial Foley catheter | Risk of UTI

Question 46

How does oligohydramnios present

Answer 46

No vertical pocket of amniotic fluid | > 2 cm or AFI <5cm

Question 47

Risk factor for oligohydramnios | How do we monitor

Answer 47

Prolonged pregnancy > 42 wks | Monitor with US 2x/week

Question 48

Bowel sounds heard in the back of NB?

Answer 48

Diaphragmatic hernia

Question 49

What is a Diaphragmatic hernia?

Answer 49

Hole in the diaphragm that allows abdominal contents to move into the thorax

Question 50

What does CXR show in Diaphragmatic hernia?

Answer 50

Air fluid levels

Question 51

Two types of Diaphragmatic hernia?

Answer 51

Midline: Morgagni Bochdalek: Bilateral