MULTIPLE Choice Test 5

Question 1

What is the role of the federal judiciary?

Answer 1

Interpret and apply the laws of the nation

Question 2

Who wrote Federalist 78? What were some of its main points?

Answer 2

Alexander Hamilton, its the least dangerous branch and it has neither force or will, only judgement

Question 3

How does someone become a federal judge?

Answer 3

Appointed by the president, confirmed by the senate

Question 4

How long of terms do federal judges serve?

Answer 4

Life terms

Question 5

What is judicial independence?

Answer 5

The justices being impartial and untied to any person or interest

Question 6

What is guaranteed for salaries of federal judges?

Answer 6

There salaries are protected and cannot decrease during their term

Question 7

Which article in the constitution pertains to the judicial branch?

Answer 7

Article 3

Question 8

Which federal courts are described in the constitution? How are other federal courts created

Answer 8

Only supreme court is described in the constitution, lower courts are created by congress

Question 9

What is original jurisdiction

Answer 9

You hear the case first

Question 10

What is appellate jurisdiction?

Answer 10

You are hearing a case that has already been heard by a lower court, (it got appealed up)

Question 11

How are federal judicial appointments part of a presidents legacy

Answer 11

Putting somebody on a life term, which gives the president the ability to have a impact even after they aren’t president.

Question 12

What are some modern considerations for federal judge nominations?

Answer 12

Race, ethnicity and gender

Question 13

Who was John Marshall

Answer 13

The Supreme Court justice that is credited for creating judicial review

Question 14

Which supreme court case was the first to use judicial review?

Answer 14

Marbury Vs Madison

Question 15

What is criminal law

Answer 15

Deals with Actions that harm the community

Question 16

What is civil law

Answer 16

These cover cases that involve private disputes

Question 17

How do state judges get their positions?

Answer 17

Some of them are elected and some are appointed by the government , in Michigan they are elected

Question 18

What are federal district courts? How many are there. How many judges hear each case?

Answer 18

This is where cases start, there are 94 district courts and 13 circuit courts, in district court one person heard the case, appeals court is 3 people, and then Supreme Court is 9 people (all justices)

Question 19

Roughly how many cases does the Supreme Court hear each year ?

Answer 19

About 80 cases

Question 20

What is the rule of four?

Answer 20

If the Supreme Court is gonna hear a case, at least 4 judges have to vote to hear the case

Question 21

What is the precedent (stare decisis)

Answer 21

That means that a ruling made by a court serves as a basis in another case

Question 22

What are amicus curiae briefs?

Answer 22

Interest groups that aren’t directly involved in the case, but they have an interest in it

Question 23

What is a majority opinion

Answer 23

What the most judges voted for or the precedent moving forward

Question 24

What. Is a concurring opinion

Answer 24

You agree with the result, but for a different reason

Question 25

What is a dissenting opinion

Answer 25

You disagree with the majority

Question 26

What is judicial restraint

Answer 26

Justices should be hesistant to overturn laws made my congress and to overturn previous precedent

Question 27

What is judicial activism

Answer 27

Belief that judges should loosely interpret existing laws and they should interject there own values in court decisions

Question 28

How is the order determined that each justice on the Supreme Court presents discussion and votes?

Answer 28

You start with the chief justice and then it is by seniority

Question 29

Who assigns the responsibility for writing the opinion in Supreme Court cases

Answer 29

Either the chief justice or the most senior justice in the majority

Question 30

If a Judicial nominee is rejected in recent times, what is considered the most important factor?

Answer 30

Partisan politics

Question 31

How does appellate jurisdiction differ from original jurisdiction as far as the process

Answer 31

Original jurisdiction decide if you guilty or innocent , appellate jurisdiction decides if they followed an appropriate process

Question 32

What levels of laws. can the judiciary branch rule unconstitutional

Answer 32

Federal , state , and local

Question 33

Under which circumstances does the Supreme Court have original jurisdiction

Answer 33

When it’s cases with representatives to foreign countries who are seen as ambassadors , ministers , public councils and other ministers

Question 34

Describe state court systems

Answer 34

Every state has its own court system and no 2 court systems are exactly alike

Question 35

What is the only requirement of district and circuit court judges?

Answer 35

You have to live in that district or area

Question 36

What is senatorial courtesy

Answer 36

As a minimum to be on the district court, you have to be acceptable to the senator from that state if they are of the same party as the president

Question 37

What role does the Senate Judiciary Committee have

Answer 37

They hold a hearing for every single nominee for federal court

Question 38

What does the American bar association do?

Answer 38

They screen candidates to see how qualified they would be to be a federal judge

Question 39

What trend has occurred for most Supreme Court nominees since 1950

Answer 39

That they have been a judge

Question 40

What is the role of the solicitor general

Answer 40

They are the person that represents the national government in cases heard by the Supreme Court

Question 41

What is the role of the chief justice

Answer 41

They form the docket and direct the courts conferences