Multisystems Diseases O/E Findings

Question 1

Name three cutaneous O/E findings seen with Cushing’s syndrome?

Answer 1

Straie
Atrophy
Acne

Question 2

Name two cutaneous O/E findings seen with primary adrenal failure?

Answer 2

Buccal hyperpigmentation

Palmer crease hyoperpigmentation

Question 3

Name one cutaneous O/E findings seen with secondary adrenal failure?

Answer 3

Pale skin

Question 4

Name three cutaneous O/E findings seen with hypothyroidism?

Answer 4

Peri-orbital oedema
Loss of outer 1/3 eyebrow
Dry skin

Question 5

Name three cutaneous O/E findings seen with hyperthyroidism?

Answer 5

Pre-tibial myxoedema
Exopthalmous
Acropachy

Question 6

Describe porphyria and what it is associated with?

Answer 6

Blood filled blister in the back of the hands
Associated with haemachromatosis
Female pts = hirtuism

Question 7

Which lipid disorder is associated with tendon xanthalasma?

Answer 7

Familial hypercholestrolaemia

Question 8

Which lipid disorder is associated with erruptive xanthoma and what other O/E may be seen?

Answer 8

Hypertriglyceridaemia

Also with lipaemia retinalis

Question 9

Which lipid disorder is associated with straie-palmer xanthalasma?

Answer 9

Reminant hyperlipaemia (APoE2)

Question 10

Which conditions are associated with acanthosis nigrans?

Answer 10

DM

Stomach cancer

Question 11

Which O/E finding typically on the legs may be seen in a patient with newly presenting/poorly controlled DM?

Answer 11

Necrobiosis lipodicum - skin biopsy diagnostic (purple patches on the shins)

Question 12

Name three conditions associated with pyoderma gangrenosum?

Answer 12

IBD
Lekaemia
Myeloma

Question 13

What is Sweet’s syndrome?

Answer 13

Sweet’s syndrome (SS), or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is a skin disease characterized by the sudden onset of fever, an elevated white blood cell count, and tender, red, well-demarcated papules and plaques that show dense infiltrates by neutrophil granulocytes on histologic examination

Question 14

What cutaneous O/E finding may be seen in patients with cutanouse T-cell lymphoma?

Answer 14

Mycosis Fungoids - looks like psoriasis - turns into tumours

Question 15

Name the two O/E findings along with three symptoms of a patient presenting with measles and describe the incubation period?

Answer 15

Mobilliform rash
Koplik spots in mouth
Coryza, cough, conjunctivitis (3C)
10 day incubation period

Question 16

Describe the three stage course of syphalis?

Answer 16

1. Painless chnacre on dick
2. Copper papules on soles and palms and snail-track ulcers
3. Gummata

Question 17

Name five causes of errythema nodosum?

Answer 17

1. Strep infection
2. IBD
3. Sarcodosis
4. Hep B vaccination
5. Cat scratch disease

Question 18

Describe the three features of Reiter’s syndrome and name two O/E findings?

Answer 18

1. Conjunctivitis
2. Arthritis
3. Urethritis
   Kerratoderma blenorrhagia
   Cicinate balanitis

Question 19

Describe three features associated with Behcets and name two O/E findings?

Answer 19

1. Oral ulcers
2. Genital ulcers
3. Uveitis
   Pyoderma gangrenosum
   Pathergy (cut open and they ulcerate)

Question 20

Name two O/E findings seen with vascular changes within CT diseases?

Answer 20

Livido reticularis

Nail fold changes

Question 21

Describe three O/E findings seen with scurvy?

Answer 21

Corkscrew hairs
Bleeding gums
Perifollicular haemorrhages

Question 22

Describe the three features of pellagra (vit B nicin deficiency)?

Answer 22

Dermatitits
Diarrhoea
Dementia

Question 23

Describe three features seen with pseudoxathoma elasticum?

Answer 23

Angoid streaks on fundoscopy
Elastomas (look like a plucked chicken)
Arterial aneurysms

Question 24

Name four O/E features seen with neurofibromatosis?

Answer 24

1. Axillary freckling
2. Cafe au lait spots
3. Neurofibromas
4. Lisch nodules (within the eyes)