Muscle Function QUIZ

Question 1

eccentric

Answer 1

muscle is active + lengthening

Question 2

concentric

Answer 2

muscle is active + shortening

Question 3

isometric

Answer 3

muscle is active + at a constant length

Question 4

isokinetic

Answer 4

muscle is lengthening or shortening at the same angular velocity

Question 5

isotonic

Answer 5

muscle is lengthening or shortening under constant tension throughout the motion

Question 6

eccentric muscle action is more efficient than concentric muscle action because

-gravity slows an eccentric action
-eccentric actions are NOT more efficient than concentric actions
-the cause of the motion is farther from the joint axis
-concentric + eccentric actions use the same energy

Answer 6

the cause of the motion is farther from the joint axis

(the force of gravity willl cause the motion + your muscle only has to slow the movement down. in a concentric motion your muscles has to overcome gravity)

Question 7

muscles of “fine motor control” typically

-are located in the axial (central) skeleton
-have large numbers of muscle fibers per motor unit
-are associated with large amplitude motions of joints
-have fewer muscle fibers per motor unit

Answer 7

have fewer muscle fibers per motor unit

Question 8

pennated muscles typically:

-have fewer fibers than strap muscles
-generate less force than strap muscles
-cause large changes in range of motion
-more fibers per unit length compared to strap muscles

Answer 8

more fibers per unit length compared to strap muscles

Question 9

active insufficiency limits muscle force production:

-because of passive insufficiency
-when the muscle is too short or too long
-only when the muscle is too short
-after exercising to fatigue

Answer 9

when the muscle is too short or too long

Question 10

agonist

Answer 10

primary muscle causing motion

Question 11

synergist

Answer 11

muscle that helps complete a movement

Question 12

antagonist

Answer 12

muscle that resists the agonist muscle action

Question 13

stabilizer

Answer 13

muscle that limits accessory joint motion for stability

Question 14

prime mover

Answer 14

primary muscle causing motion

Question 15

passive tension in a muscle:

-occurs when a muscle is shortening
-causes active shortening of muscle
-muscles are active so there is no passive tension
-limits a muscle from stretching or lengthening

Answer 15

limits a muscle from stretching or lengthening

(passive tension is generated in the non-contractile elements of muscle when that muscle is lengthened or stretch)