What are the 3 types of muscles?
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Appearance? (Striations)
Skeletal: Striated
Cardiac: Striated
Smooth: Not Striated
Arrangement of fibers?
Skeletal: Sarcomeres
Cardiac: Sarcomeres
Smooth: Oblique bundles
Location?
Skeletal: On the bones
Cardiac: Heart muscles
Smooth: Walls of hallow organs
Internal structure?
Skeletal: T-tublues, sarcoplasmic reticulum
Cardiac: T-tublues, sarcoplasmic reticulum
Smooth: Absent or reduced amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum
Fiber proteins?
Skeletal: actin, myosin, tropomyosin, troponin
Cardiac: Actin, myosin, tropomyosin, troponin
Smooth: Actin, myosin, tropomyosin
Control?
Skeletal: Calcium + troponin, fibers are independent
Cardiac: Calcium + troponin, fibers are electrically linked via gap junctions
Smooth: Calcium + calmodulin, fibers are electrically linked via gap junctions
Contraction speed?
Skeletal: Fastest
Cardiac: Medium
Smooth: Slowest
Initiation of contraction?
Skeletal: ACh
Cardiac: Autorhythmic
Smooth: Stretch, chemical signals, and even autorhythmic
Neural control of contractions?
Skeletal: Somatic
Cardiac: Autonomic
Smooth: Autonomic
Hormonal influence?
Skeletal: None
Cardiac: Epinephrine
Smooth: Many
Contraction force of a single fiber twitch?
Skeletal: Not graded
Cardiac: Graded
Smooth: Graded
