Muscles

Question 1

1. which Muscle ELEVATES and ROTATES the SCAPULA for arm abduction
2. which muscle DEPRESSES the SCAPULA?
3. which muscle ROTATES the SCAPULA

Answer 1

1. TRAPEZIUS
2. PECTORALIS MINOR
3. SERRATUS ANTERIOR (hugging ribs)

Question 2

muscles for ARM ABDUCTION

Answer 2

• SUPRASPINATUS (initial)
• DELTOID
• TRAPEZIUS

Question 3

which EYE muscle ELEVATES and already ABDUCTED eye

Answer 3

SUPERIOR RECTUS

Question 4

which muscle EXTENDS an ALREADY FLEXED ARM

Answer 4

PECTORALIS MAJOR

(adduction, medial rotation, extends already flexed arm)

Question 5

1. TERES MINOR (posterior) function?
2. TERES MAJOR (anterior) function?

Answer 5

1. TERES MINOR - LATERAL ROTATION of HUMERUS
2. TERES MAJOR: MEDIAL ROTATION and EXTENSION of arm

Question 6

what does the LATISSIMUS DORSIS muscle do

Answer 6

ADDUCTS ARM
EXTENSION
MEDIAL ROTATION

Question 7

what does the CORACOBRACHIALIS Muscle do to Humerus

Answer 7

FLEXES arm
ADDUCTS

Question 8

what are the main EXTENDORS of the FOREARM?

Answer 8

TRICEPS BRACHII
- LONG HEAD (attaches to scapula)
- LATERAL HEAD
- MEDIAL HEAD (attaches ulna olecranon process)

(posterior forearm)

Question 9

what is the most Powerful FLEXOR of the FOREARM (flex elbow joint)

Answer 9

BRACHIALIS
(only function)

Question 10

which muscles are for ARM ADDUCTION

Answer 10

• LATISSIMUS DORSIS (adduct, medial rotation, extension)
• PECTORALIS MAJOR (adduct, medial rotation, extend if already flexed)
• CORACOBRACHIALIS
  (adduct and flexes)

Question 11

what do the BICEPS BRACHII muscles do - Long and Short heads

Answer 11

SUPINATION
FLEX FOREARM

weak flexor of humerus

Question 12

1. which ANTERIOR FOREARM muscles (FLEXORS) are DEEP:
   INTERMEDIATE:
   SUPERFICIAL:

Answer 12

DEEP:
- FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS
- FLEXOR POLLICUS LONGUS
- PRONATOR QUADRATUS

INTERMEDIATE:
- FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

SUPERFICIAL:
- FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
- FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
- PALMARIS LONGUS
- PRONATOR TERES

Question 13

which muscles ADDUCT the WRIST

Answer 13

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS (deep)
EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS (superficial)

Question 14

WRIST FLEXOR MUSCLES:

Answer 14

• FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS
• PALMARIS LONGUS
• FLEXOR CARPI ULARIS
• FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

Question 15

SUPINATOR muscle is in which Compartment

Answer 15

Supinator: POSTERIOR - DEEP

Question 16

which POSTERIOR FOREARM (EXTENSOR) Muscles are
DEEP:
SUPERFICIAL:

Answer 16

DEEP:
- ABDUCTOR POLLICUS LONGUS
- EXTENSOR POLLICUS BREVIS
- EXTENSOR POLLICUS LONGUS
- EXTENSOR INDICES
- SUPINATOR

SUPERFICIAL:
- EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
- EXTERNSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
- EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
- EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
- EXTENSOR DIGITI MINI
- *ANCONEUS
- *BRACHIORADIALIS

Question 17

BRACHIORADIALIS muscle does what?

which compartment is it classed as?

Answer 17

• FLEXES FOREARM / ELBOW JOINT

although it is anterior to the joint its attachments are posterior
therefore POSTERIOR - SUPERFICIAL

Question 18

ELBOW JOINT FLEXORS:

Answer 18

BRACHIALIS
BICEPS BRACHII (&supination)
BRACHIORADIALIS

Question 19

what does the ANCONEUS do

Answer 19

• EXTENDS FOREARM
• ABDUCTS ULNA DURING PRONATION

Question 20

which muscles ABDUCT the WRIST

Answer 20

• FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
• EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
• EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
• ANCONEUS ABDUCTS ULNA IN PRONATION

Question 21

what are the ILIOPSOAS muscles and what do they do?

Answer 21

• PSOAS MAJOR
• ILIACUS

HIP FLEXORS

Question 22

what does the GLUTEUS MAXIMUS do

Answer 22

• HIP EXTENSOR
• ABDUCT & ADDUCT
• SOME LATERAL ROTATION

Question 23

what does the TENSOR FASCIA LATAE do

Answer 23

STABILISES the KNEE IN EXTENSION

• can help flexion of an already flexed knee

Question 24

what do the GLUTEUS MEDIUS and GLUTEUS MINIMUS do

Answer 24

ABDUCTION

& PREVENT PELVIC DROP

Question 25

which HIP Muscles are for ABDUCTION and LATERAL ROTATION

Answer 25

- PIRIFORMIS - GEMELLIS SUPERIOR - GEMELLIS INFERIOR - OBTURATOR INTERNUS Abduction alone: Gluteus Medius and Minimus Lateral rotation alone: Quadratus Femoris

Question 26

what does the QUADRATUS FEMORIS do

Answer 26

LATERAL ROTATION of the HIP

Question 27

PIRIFORMIS; PECTINEUS: PALMARIS: POPLITEUS: PLANTARIS:

Answer 27

PIRIFORMIS: HIP ABDUCTION & LATERAL ROTATION (posterior hip, deep) PECTINEUS: HIP ADDUCTION & HIP FLEXION (medial thigh) PALMARIS: WRIST FLEX (anterior superficial forearm) POPLITEUS: KNEE MEDIAL ROTATION (posterior deep leg) PLANTARIS: PLANTARFLEXION & KNEE FLEXION (posterior superficial leg)

Question 28

HIP ADDUCTORS:

Answer 28

- ADDUCTOR MAGNUS - ADDUCTOR LONGUS - ADDUCTOR BREVIS - PECTINEUS - GRACILIS

Question 29

where is the GRACILIS does it do?

Answer 29

most MEDIAL - HIP ADDUCTION - KNEE FLEXION

Question 30

what does the PECTINEUS do

Answer 30

HIP ADDUCTION HIP FLEXION

Question 31

which HIP ADDUCTOR also causes MEDIAL ROTATION

Answer 31

ADDUCTOR LONGUS

Question 32

what are the Anterior Thigh Muscles? what do they do?

Answer 32

RECTUS FEMORIS SARTORIUS (from lateral to medial) -> HIP FLEXION, KNEE EXTENSION VASTUS LATERALIS, VASTUS INTERMEDIALIS, VASTUS MEDIALIS -> KNEE EXTENSION only

Question 33

what are the Posterior Thigh Muscles / Hamstrings? what do they each do?

Answer 33

- BICEPS FEMORIS (LONG HEAD and SHORT HEAD) HIP EXTENSION, KNEE FLEXION LATERAL ROTATION - SEMI-TENDINOSIS - SEMI-MEMBRANOSIS HIP EXTENSION, KNEE FLEXION MEDIAL ROTATION

Question 34

which Muscles cause HIP LATERAL ROTATION?

Answer 34

- PIRIFORMIS - GEMELLIS SUPERIOR & INFERIOR - OBTURATOR FORAMEN - QUADRATUS INTERNUS - BICEPS FEMORIS (LONG & SHORT HEADS)

Question 35

which Muscles cause HIP MEDIAL ROTATION?

Answer 35

- ADDUCTOR LONGUS - SEMI-MEMBRANOSIS - SEMI-TENDINOSIS

Question 36

which Hip ADDUCTOR in the MEDIAL compartment also causes.. KNEE FLEXION? MEDIAL ROTATION? HIP FLEXION?

Answer 36

Knee FLEX: GRACILIS MEDIAL Rotation: ADDUCTOR LONGUS Hip FLEX: PECTINEUS

Question 37

which muscles are in the LATERAL LEG and what do they do?

Answer 37

FIBULARIS LONGUS FIBULARIS BREVIS - EVERSION

Question 38

ANTERIOR LEG MUSCLES:

Answer 38

- TIBIALIS ANTERIOR - FIBULARIS TERTIUS (Evertor) - EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS & EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS (toe extensors)

Question 39

POSTERIOR LEG MUSCLES DEEP: SUPERFICIAL:

Answer 39

DEEP: - TIBIALIS POSTERIOR - POPLITEUS - FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS & FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIAL: -TRICEPS SURAE: GASTROCNEMIUS (2) & SOLEUS - PLANTARIS

Question 40

which muscle is the PRIMARY DORSIFLEXOR and PRIMARY INVERTOR

Answer 40

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

Question 41

what does the POPLITEUS do

Answer 41

MEDIAL ROTATION of the KNEE (needed before flexion)

Question 42

what do the TRICEPS SURAE muscles do

Answer 42

GASTROCNEMIUS - PLANTARFLEXION & KNEE FLEXION SOLEUS - PLANTARFLEXION

Question 43

what does the TIBIALIS POSTERIOR do

Answer 43

PLANTARFLEXION INVERSION

Question 44

what does the PLANTARIS do

Answer 44

PLANTARFLEXION KNEE FLEXION

Question 45

KNEE FLEXION muscles:

Answer 45

- BICEPS FEMORIS (posterior thigh) - SEMI-TENDINOSIS & SEMI-MEMBRANOSIS (posterior thigh) - GRACILIS (medial thigh) - PLANTARIS (posterior superficial leg) - GASTROCNEMIUS (posterior superficial leg)

Question 46

which muscle MEDIALLY ROTATES the KNEE

Answer 46

POPLITEUS (posterior deep)

Question 47

what do the VASTUS LATERALIS and VASTUS MEDIALIS do

Answer 47

KNEE EXTENSION

Question 48

BRACHIALIS: BRACHIORADIALIS: BICEPS BRACHII: CORACOBRACHIALIS:

Answer 48

BRACHIALIS: FLEX FOREARM BRACHIORADIALIS: FLEX FOREARM BICEPS BRACHII: SUPINATION & FLEX FOREARM CORACOBRACHIALIS: ADDUCTION & FLEX UPPER ARM/HUMERUS

Question 49

what does the SUBSCAPULARIS do

Answer 49

MEDIAL ROTATION of Humerus

Question 50

HIP FLEXORS:

Answer 50

- ILIOPSOAS - PECTINEUS - RECTUS FEMORIS - SARTORIUS