Anatomy > Muscles Test > Flashcards

Muscles Test Flashcards

(92 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Location

A

Moves body parts mostly via bones

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2
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Number of nuclei

A

Multiple

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3
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Striations?

A

Yes (striped)

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4
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Involuntary or voluntary?

A

Voluntary

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5
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Intercalated disc?

A

No

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6
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Appearance: length, shape, etc.

A

Long cells

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7
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Location

A

Heart only

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8
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Number of nuclei

A

One

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9
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Striations?

A

Striations

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10
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Involuntary or voluntary?

A

Involuntary

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11
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Intercalated disc?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Appearance: length, shape, etc.

A

Shorter, branched

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13
Q

Smooth muscle:

Location

A

In hollow organs, skin, eyes (iris), etc.

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14
Q

Smooth muscle:

Number of nuclei

A

One

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15
Q

Smooth muscle:

Striations?

A

0 Striations

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16
Q

Smooth muscle:

Involuntary or voluntary?

A

Involuntary

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17
Q

Smooth muscle:

Intercalated disc?

A

No

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18
Q

Smooth muscle:

Appearance: length, shape, etc.

A

Spindle-shaped

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19
Q

Genetic muscle disorder cause = usually mistakes or missing info to make _________

A

Proteins

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20
Q

Botox =

A

Blocks stimulation of muscle fibers

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21
Q

Oxygen debt = accumulation of _________ during anaerobic respiration

A

Lactic acid

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22
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Speed of contraction

A

Fast

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23
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Power of contraction

A

High

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24
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Length of contraction

A

Short

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25
Fast twitch muscle: Adapted for what types of activity
Strength and speed
26
Fast twitch muscle: What type of muscle control: gross-motor or fine-motor?
Gross-motor
27
Fast twitch muscle: Which type of respiration adapted for and why? (aerobic vs. anaerobic)
Anaerobic; relies on stored energy and produces energy quickly but fatigues faster
28
Fast twitch muscle: Typical Sports preferred
Sprinting, powerlifting, football, basketball
29
Slow twitch muscle: Speed of contraction
Slow
30
Slow twitch muscle: Power of contraction
Low
31
Slow twitch muscle: Length of contraction
Long
32
Slow twitch muscle: Adapted for what types of activity
Endurance activities
33
Slow twitch muscle: What type of muscle control: gross-motor or fine-motor?
Fine-motor
34
Slow twitch muscle: Which type of respiration adapted for and why? (aerobic vs. anaerobic)
Aerobic; uses oxygen efficiently for sustained energy production
35
Slow twitch muscle: Typical Sports preferred
Marathon running, cycling, swimming, soccer
36
Muscle atrophy =
degeneration of muscle tissue due to malnutrition, immobilization, paralysis
37
Rhabdomyolosis = accumulation of _______ in the blood
Myoglobin
38
Rhabdomyolosis: Treatment
hydration, dialysis, diuretics to flush out crystals
39
Trapezius
Upper back/neck
40
Biceps brachii
Biceps
41
Rectus abdominus
Front of abdomen
42
Rectus femoris
Front of thigh
43
Vastus medialis
Inner thigh
44
Vastus lateralis
Outer thigh
45
Sartorius
Long diagonal thigh muscle
46
Gastrocnemius
Calf
47
Soleus
Underneath calf muscle
48
Tibialis anterior
Front of shin
49
External oblique
Side of abdomen
50
Serratus anterior
Side of rib cage
51
Pectoralis major
Chest
52
Deltoid
Shoulder
53
Infraspinatus
Back of shoulder
54
Teres major
Back of shoulder blade
55
Teres minor
Back of shoulder
56
Triceps brachii
Back of upper arm
57
Latissimus dorsi
Broad back muscle
58
Rhomboid major
Between shoulder blades
59
Gluteus maximus
Butt
60
Adductor magnus
Inner thigh
61
Gracilis
Inner thigh (long, thin)
62
Biceps femoris
Back of thigh (hamstring)
63
Semimembranosus
Back of thigh (hamstring)
64
Semitendinosus
Back of thigh (hamstring)
65
Supraspinatus
Top of shoulder blade
66
Adductor longus
Inner thigh
67
Peroneus longus
Outer lower leg
68
Tibialis posterior
Deep back of lower leg
69
Frontalis/occipitalis (epicranius)
Forehead/back of skull
70
Orbicularis oculi
Around eye
71
Orbicularis oris
Around mouth
72
Masseter
Jaw
73
Sternocleidomastoid
Side of neck
74
Buccinator
Cheek
75
Splenius capitis
Back of neck
76
Temporalis
Side of skull
77
Levator palpabrae superioris
Eyelid
78
Platysma
Bottom of chin/front of neck
79
Transverse abdominus
Deep abdomen (horizontally)
80
Internal oblique
Side of abdomen (under external oblique)
81
Brachialis
Deep front upper arm
82
Brachioradialis
Forearm (thumb side)
83
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Inner forearm (pinky side)
84
Flexor carpi radialis
Forearm (thumb side)
85
Flexor digitorum sublimis
Forearm (finger flexor)
86
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Back forearm (pinky side)
87
Extensor carpi radialis
Back forearm (thumb side)
88
Extensor digitorum
Back forearm (finger extensor)
89
Pronator teres
Forearm (palm-down rotation)
90
Supinator
Forearm (palm-up rotation)
91
Bonus #A Describe what happens to make a muscle contract
Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other (sliding filament theory) when calcium binds to troponin. ATP powers the cross-bridge cycling, leading to muscle contraction.
92
Bonus #B Tell me about anabolic steroids
Synthetic hormones that mimic testosterone; they boost muscle growth but cause severe side effects (e.g., liver damage, mood swings).
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