Perfect half-beat rhythm
Tie sounds of equal value in space of one beat
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 &
Single beat rhythm
One sound in space occupied by one beat
1 2 3 4
Imperfect half-beat rhythm
1& 2& 3& 4&
Or
&1 &2 &3 &4
Triple beat rhythm
3 sounds of equal value in space of one beat
1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4 and a (not used in highland dances, but in jig & hp)
Quadruple (quarter) beat rhythm
4 sounds of equal value in space of one bar
1 and and a 2 and and a 3 and and a 4 and and a
(If ‘and’ is in [ ], no action on that beat)
When to land
On the count unless o/w stated
When working foot arrives in pos
On landing unless o/w stated