Mutation 1

Question 1

Define ‘wild type’.

Answer 1

Non-mutant organism/the original organism.

Question 2

Describe DNA of bacteria.

Answer 2

Haploid, a single chromosome.

Question 3

How do bacteria replicate?

Answer 3

Binary fission.

Question 4

Define ‘mutant’.

Answer 4

An altered organism.

Question 5

Define ‘mutation’.

Answer 5

An altered genome (DNA).

Question 6

Define ‘mutagenesis’.

Answer 6

The process of alteration.

Question 7

Define ‘point mutations’.

Answer 7

Affect a single gene, small scale e.g. nucleotide substitutions (SNPs), frameshifts.

Question 8

Define frameshifts.

Answer 8

Bases sequences are out of frame, non multiples of three as a result of insertions or deletions.

Question 9

Give examples of larger scale mutations.

Answer 9

• Insertions
• Deletions
• Rearrangements

Question 10

How do you calculate the mutation rate?

Answer 10

Number of mutants/number of wild types.