What is multiple sclerosis?
A chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition that results in the demyelination of the central nervous system
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is MS?
Type IV
What are the types of MS?
- Primary Progressive
- Relapsing-remitting
- Progressive-relapsing
- Secondary progressive
What is Primary Progressive MS?
Steady accumulation of disability
What is Relapsing-remitting MS?
Unpredictable attacks with COMPLETE recovery between
What is Progressive-relapsing MS?
Steady decline with attacks
What is Secondary progressive MS?
Initially had COMPLETE recovery but suddenly becomes steady decline
What are the signs for MS?
- Lhermitte’s
- Uthoff’s
- Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
What is Lhermitte’s sign?
Flexion of the neck causes a shooting electrical pain down the spine
What is Uthoff’s sign?
Neuro signs are worsened after an increase in temperature (showers/baths etc)
What is Internuclear ophthalmoplegia?
A lesion in the medial longitudinal fasciculus so the medial rectus of the ipsilateral eye does not function to adduct and you get nystagmus of the contralateral eye
