Natural Selection + Evolution

Question 1

Natural Selection

Answer 1

• Organisms with favorable variations able to survive in environment to compete + reproduce more

Question 2

Reproduction

Answer 2

• Population of species produce many offsprings to inherit characteristics

Question 3

Variation

Answer 3

• Born with a different trait than the rest of the species

Question 4

Competition

Answer 4

• Limited environment resources –> not all offspring survive –> variations benefit offspring to survive + reproduce

Question 5

Selection

Answer 5

• Overtime, variation inherited by offspring until dominant

Question 6

Types of Adaptation

Behavioral

Answer 6

• Organism behaves/acts
  ex. hunting at night, moving in herds

Question 7

Types of Adaptation

Structural

Answer 7

• Color, shape, other physical characteristics
  ex. length of neck

Question 8

Types of Adaptation

Functional

Answer 8

• Internal body systems affect biochemistry
  ex. drop in body temp during winter

Question 9

Artificial Selection

Answer 9

• Humans select favorable traits breed together to make it dominant in species
  ex. dogs

Question 10

Fossil

Types of fossils, shows, finding age

Answer 10

• Types of fossils: mineralization, carbonization, molds and casts, trace fossils, original material
• Shows: when organisms lived, diversity of organisms, extinctions, how organisms changed overtime
• Finding age: relative + absolute age

Question 11

Adaptation

Answer 11

• Trait that changed to benefit organism

Question 12

Analous Structures

Answer 12

• function: the same
• Ex: wings are used to fly
• structure: different
• Ex: fuction of wings the same for the bat and butterly, the structure is different
• shows: animals live in same environment

Question 13

Homologus Structures

Answer 13

• function: different
• Ex: deltoid muscle in cats for walking, deltoid muscle in humans for holding
• structure: same
• Ex: cat and human all have deltoid muscle in shoulder
• shower: which organisms closely related

Question 14

Vestigial Structures

Answer 14

• structure no longer has function
• important: ancestors used structure in past
• Ex: cave fish = blind but has eyes

Question 15

DNA/Protein Sequences

Answer 15

• more similarities we have in DNA and proteins –> closer related we are with them

Question 16

Embryology

Answer 16

• study of embryos
• purpose: look at body structures + compare when they are in embryo
• 2 common structures: tail + gill slits (lungs)