Metabolic acidosis
pH low
HCO3 low
CO2 low
Metabolic Alkalosis
pH high
HCO3 high
CO2 high
ex. diuretics, recent packed RBC transfusion
Respiratory acidosis
pH low
HCO3 high
CO2 high
ex. hypoventilation
Respiratory Alkalosis
pH low
HCO3 low
CO2 low
ex. hypokalemia is common, hyperventilation