Nervous system (1a)

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Stability in the body (maintaining blood pH, heart rate, breathing rate, etc.)

Question 2

Nervous system

Answer 2

System composed of neurons that sends and receives signals from all over the body (maintains homeostasis)

Question 3

Endocrine System

Answer 3

System composed of hormones that regulate homeostasis

Question 4

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 4

• made up of the brain and spinal cord
• integrates and processes info

Question 5

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 5

-Sensory receptors and motor defectors branching out into the body
- Brings info back to CNS

Question 6

Sensory nervous system

Answer 6

Brings sensory information in (from periphery to CNS)

Question 7

Motor nervous system

Answer 7

Brings motor information out (from CNS to periphery)

Question 8

Somatic Motor NS (3)

Answer 8

• Voluntary
• skeletal muscle contractions
• Myelinated (Faster)

Question 9

Autonomic Motor NS (3)

Answer 9

• involuntary
• automatic functions in organs
• Heart beat, breathing rate, digestion, etc

Question 9

Sympathetic autonomic NS (3)

Answer 9

• Stress response
• Speeds up functions (heart rate, breathing rate)
• Connect from spinal cord

Question 9

Parasympathetic Autonomic NS (3)

Answer 9

• Peaceful (rest and digest)
• slows functions (heart rate, breathing rate)
• connect from brain

Question 10

Nerve

Answer 10

Bundle of neurons

Question 11

Dendrites

Answer 11

Receive stimuli from other neurons

Question 11

Neuron (2)

Answer 11

• Conducts electrical impulses
• Basic structure and functional unit of nervous system

Question 12

Soma

Answer 12

Cell body that contains nucleus and cell organelles

Question 13

Axon

Answer 13

Carries impulse to the correct area of the body

Question 14

Myelin Sheath

Answer 14

Insulating “marshmallows” along some axons

Question 15

Myelinated (2)

Answer 15

• Sheathed
• Speeds up impulses

Question 16

Unmyelinated

Answer 16

no myelin sheath

Question 17

Axon terminal

Answer 17

Site of transfer of stimulus to other neurons or organs

Question 18

Glial cells Functions (5)

Answer 18

• Outnumber neurons
• Support neurons (glue)
• Provide nutrients for neurons
• removes waste
• defend against infection

Question 19

Schwann cells

Answer 19

Glial cells in PNS

Question 20

oligodendrocytes

Answer 20

Glial Cells in CNS

Question 21

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 21

Uncovered spaces between myelinated sections (marshmallow)

Question 22

Neurilemma

Answer 22

Outer membranes of the schwann cells form a layer along the whole axon in the PNS

Question 23

Sensory (afferent) Neurons

Answer 23

Brings sensory info to CNS, located in ganglia

Question 24

Ganglion

Answer 24

Sensory neurons in the PNS

Question 25

Interneurons

Answer 25

Sensory neurons in the CNS

Question 26

Motor (Efferent) Neurons

Answer 26

Brings impulses from CNS to effectors, located in the ventral horn of spinal cord

Question 27

Interneurons

Answer 27

Link to sensory and motor neurons (only in spine in CNS)

Question 28

Reflex

Answer 28

Sudden, unlearned involuntary, response to certain stimuli

Question 29

Reflex arc

Answer 29

Stimulus to receptor --> Signal sensory neuron --> Signal interneuron --> Signal motor neuron --> effector --> Response

Question 30

Resting membrane potential

Answer 30

-70 mV