Nervous System

Question 1

What is a Neuron?

Answer 1

It is the basic structural and functional unit and is a nerve cell.

Question 2

What are Dendrites that extend from the cell body of the neuron?

Answer 2

It conducts impulses received from other neurons toward the nerve cell body.

Question 3

What are Axons and how many are there?

Answer 3

They conduct impulses away from cell body to other neurons or effector organs, usually single.

Question 4

What is a Telodendron?

Answer 4

It is the end of the exon branches.

Question 5

What are Neurotransmitters?

Answer 5

They are tiny sacs of chemicals, and they release into the narrow synaptic space.

Question 6

What are the 3 unique physical characteristics of Neurons?

Answer 6

• Do not reproduce.
• Their processes are capable of limited regeneration when damaged.
• Have an extremely high oxygen requirement.

Question 7

Why must Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation or CPR start as soon as a cardiac event occurs?

Answer 7

It must start as soon as possible because they can suffer permanent damage if deprived of blood for a very short period of time.

Question 8

What are the Main Divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 8

• Central Nervous system
• Peripheral Nervous system
• Autonomic Nervous system

Question 9

What does the brain consist of in the Central Nervous System?

Answer 9

• Cerebrum
• Cerebellum
• Brainstem

Question 10

What is the Cerebrum?

Answer 10

• larges, most rostal part of the brain.
• surface areas are increased by systems of folds (gyri), and grooves (sulci).

Question 11

What is the inner portion of the Cerebrum called?

Answer 11

• Medulla (consists of white matter).

Question 12

What is the outer layer of the Cerebrum called?

Answer 12

• Cerebrum cortex (consists of gray matter).

Question 13

What are the functions of Cerellum?

Answer 13

• Surface folds are small and packed tightly together (gives wrinkled appearance).

Question 14

What is the brain-Brainstem

Answer 14

It forms the stem to which the cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cord are attached.

Question 15

What is the function of the Brainstem?

Answer 15

Maintains the vital functions of the body.

Question 16

What does the Brainstem Center control?

Answer 16

• Respiration
• Body temperature
• Heart rate
• Gastrointestinal tract function
• Sleep-wake cycles

Question 17

What happens at the Spinal Cord?

Answer 17

• Spinal nerves exit and enter the spinal cord from each set of vertebrae.
• Spinal nerves carry information to and from the peripheral portion.