network

Question 1

LAN

Answer 1

is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as homes.

Question 2

WLAN

Answer 2

is a LAN that uses no physical wires. A wireless LAN must have built-in wireless compatibility or the appropriate wireless network card.

Question 3

WAN

Answer 3

is a network that connects computers and devices from wide geographic areas (such as a city, country or the world) It can be one large network or consist of two or more LANs connected together.

Question 4

Client/server

Answer 4

On a Client/Server network, one or more computers act as a server (also known as a host computer). All the other computers (also known as clients) on the network request services from the server. The server controls access to the all the resources on the network, which include the hardware, software and central storage areas.

Question 5

Peer to peer

Answer 5

Peer-to-peer is also known as P2P. It is an inexpensive network that often connects less than 10 computers so it is ideal for small business and home use.

Question 6

Star network

Answer 6

In this layout, all computers and devices (also known as nodes) link to a central device, which forms a star shape. easy to maintain and nodes can be added or removed with almost no disruption to the network.

Question 7

Bus network

Answer 7

This network features a single cable (the bus), on which all devices on the network connect to. Bus networks are inexpensive and easy to install. An advantage of this type of network is that devices can be attached and detached at any point along the cable with no disruption. Also, if one device fails, it has no affect on the rest of the network.

Question 8

Ring network

Answer 8

A Ring Network features a closed loop cable where all devices are arranged along the loop. Data moves in a one way direction traveling from device to device. The network can be disabled if one device along the loop fails. An advantage of a Ring Network is that it can be implemented for networks in large distances however it is more difficult to install

Question 9

Protocols

Answer 9

Protocols are the set of rules computers follow when communicating across a network. Without them, no information can be transmitted or interpreted.

Question 10

TCP/IP

Answer 10

TCP/IP is a network standard, that defines how data is routed/transmitted from one end of the network to the other end.

• checking for and detection of errors,

Question 11

Characteristics of TPI/IP

Answer 11

Packet data transfer

Recovers data:

Flow control:

Question 12

TCP/IP consists of

Answer 12

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which uses a set of rules to exchange messages with other Internet points at the information packet level.
• Internet Protocol (IP), which uses a set of rules to send and receive messages at the Internet address level.

Question 13

HTTP

Answer 13

defines how messages are formatted and transmitted on the World Wide Web

Question 14

HTTPS

Answer 14

A widely-used communications protocol for secure communication over a computer network.

Question 15

802.11x wireless

Answer 15

Used over a small geographical area – used on wireless lan technology
 Used by mobile devices on a network
 Range of frequency bands

Question 16

802.3 ethernet

Answer 16

 uses cables for faster more reliable connectivity
 enables efficient delivery of data.

Question 17

Advantages of ethernet

Answer 17

• not expensive to implement
• flexible cabling

Question 18

Disadvantages of ethernet

Answer 18

• data packet collisions cause many resends
• one fault and the whole system goes down

Question 19

Firewall

Answer 19

Prevents unauthorised or malicious data packets from reaching the network.

Question 20

Firewall protects u against

Answer 20

• Hackers breaking into your computer.
• Worms – types of viruses that spread from computer to computer over the internet.

Question 21

A firewall does not do

Answer 21

If you give permission for other computers to connect to yours.
If it is switched off, disabled or contains many exceptions or open ports.

Question 22

Personal firewall

Answer 22

• Personal firewalls should be installed on each computer that is connected to the internet and monitors

Question 23

Hardware firewall

Answer 23

• Medium-sized and large businesses may need a hardware firewall

Question 24

Network passwords

Answer 24

A network security key or password can help protect your wireless network from this type of unauthorized access.

Question 25

Wifi protected access WPA WPA2

Answer 25

* WPA and WPA2 require users to provide a security key to connect.

Question 26

WEP

Answer 26

WEP is an older network security method that's still available to support older devices, but it's no longer recommended. There are two kinds of WEP: * open system authentication, and * shared key authentication. Neither is very secure, but shared key authentication is the least secure of the two.

Question 27

Two step authentication

Answer 27

Two-factor authentication adds an additional layer of security to the authentication process by making it harder for attackers to gain access to a person's devices or online accounts because, even if the victim's password is hacked, a password alone is not enough to pass the authentication check.

Question 28

Physical security

Answer 28

Physical security is equally important as online security in protecting your computers, business and employees against crime. This page covers physically protecting your equipment and data not only from theft, but also from fire, flood and accidental damage.

Question 29

risk of computer and data theft

Answer 29

If your computer equipment is not suitably protected, it is easy for criminals to either steal data or infect your computers and network without needing online access – or to steal or damage the equipment itself. In spite of the sophisticated online methods now used by criminals, it is still easier to access the computer by entering your premises.

Question 30

Physical damage

Answer 30

Like everything else in a business, computer equipment is vulnerable to damage from fire, flood and accidental damage. However, the consequences can be devastating because of the data you have stored on it.

Question 31

Keeping computer safe

Answer 31

* Keep doors and windows locked. * Keep sensitive hard copy records locked away if possible.

Question 32

Visitors to your business

Answer 32

* Be vigilant about granting access to any visitors, and escort them where appropriate. * Vet contractors and support personnel.

Question 33

Advise for laptop users

Answer 33

* Employees should keep laptops and other mobile devices with them whenever possible. When unattended – for example in a hotel room or meeting room – they should keep them hidden or physically locked up. Laptops and other mobile devices should be carried in hand baggage on an aircraft or coach.

Question 34

Servers and IT infrastructure

Answer 34

* Keep servers and network equipment in a locked room and control access to it. * Server and networking racks and cabinets can also be protected by individual locks.

Question 35

Hard copy records

Answer 35

* Use lockable filing cabinets. * Maintain a strict shredding policy.

Question 36

Stolen or lost equipment

Answer 36

* If you learn that passwords have been stored in a document on a stolen or lost PC or laptop, or the ‘remember this password’ box has been ticked on a website, ensure any passwords are changed as soon as possible after the theft or loss. * Notify the Police and obtain a crime or loss reference number for tracking and insurance purposes.

Question 37

Limit the impacts of a theft or loss

Answer 37

* Make a note of all IT equipment serial numbers to enable reporting if stolen. * Security mark computers and other high-value items. * Never store passwords on computers.

Question 38

wireless structure

Answer 38

modem - internet - firewall - router - switch - wireless access point - export - device - standard wireless protocol